HEIFA - HEalth and quality of life In a Family perspective

• Sjuls, Marianne; Ludvigsen, Mette Spliid; Fegran, Liv & Robstad, Anja Nastasja (2026). Beyond standard care: Fathers’ perspectives on healthcare and related support services when caring for a child with a progressive life-limiting condition—A qualitative study. Palliative Medicine. ISSN 0269-2163. doi: https:/journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/02692163261486220. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: Fathers’ experiences are seldom reflected in paediatric palliative care research, and existing studies predominantly focus on malignant conditions. Less is known about fathers’ experiences with healthcare and related support services when caring for a child with a progressive life-limiting condition. These conditions are often marked by long and unpredictable trajectories and complex care needs. Aim: To gain an in-depth understanding of how fathers experience healthcare and related support services while caring for a child with a progressive life-limiting condition. Design: A qualitative interview study grounded in phenomenological hermeneutics. Setting/participants: Thirteen Norwegian fathers of children aged 1–18 years with a progressive life-limiting condition lasting ≥ 12 months. All children lived at home and received varying levels of respite or in-home care. Results: Through the analysis, we developed three themes: 1) Being David against Goliath—battling the system, 2) Being father to a child too complex for tick-box care and 3) Striving for equal recognition as caregivers. Conclusions: Fathers caring for a child with a progressive life-limiting condition experience fragmented healthcare and welfare services, which place substantial advocacy and coordination burdens on families. More flexible, coordinated and father-inclusive paediatric palliative care pathways are needed to recognise parental expertise and support both parents as equal caregivers.

• Rohde, Gudrun; Haraldstad, Kristin; Helseth, Sølvi; Hagen, Milada; Skarstein, Siv & Mikkelsen, Hilde Timenes (2026). Health-related quality of life in parents of adolescents in 2019, 2021 and 2023. BMC Pediatrics. 26(1). doi: 10.1186/s12887-026-07115-8. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Abstract Purpose The objective of the present study is to describe levels of HRQOL in parents of adolescents over a span of four years (2019, 2021, and 2023) and identify which of selected sociodemographic variables associated with HRQOL over time. In addition, we compared all HRQOL domains with norm data from the general Norwegian population. Methods A longitudinal study involving 556 parents (at baseline) of adolescents from the general Norwegian population was conducted. Data were collected at baseline in 2019, in 2021 (when the COVID-19 pandemic was ongoing) and in 2023. HRQOL was assessed using RAND-36. Data were analysed using independent samples t-tests and linear mixed model for repeated measures. Results During the four-year (2019–2023), we observed a small but statistically significant decline in most HRQOL domains, and no domains increased again after the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher education, being in paid work and having a high household income were the most important associates of high HRQOL scores. We identified some statistical differences in HRQOL between the parents in the current study and Norwegian norms at all time points, although these were of limited clinical relevance. Conclusion Over four years, parents of adolescents experienced a small but persistent decline in HRQOL from before the COVID-19 pandemic through 2023, particularly in mental health domains, with no full return to pre-pandemic levels. Higher education, household income, and paid employment were consistently associated with better HRQOL.

• Mikkelsen, Hilde Timenes; Barken, Tina Lien; Rohde, Gudrun; Helseth, Sølvi; Haraldstad, Kristin & Skarstein, Siv (2026). Parenting late-stage adolescents: a qualitative study of parental roles and quality of life. BMC Psychology. doi: 10.1186/s40359-026-05397-2. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Abstract Background Having children in their adolescence can affect parents’ quality of life. Parents must navigate their children’s growing independence and face challenges, as adolescents often experience stronger emotions and tend to distance themselves from their parents. There is a lack of knowledge about quality of life in parents of adolescents in the general population and how they experience their parental role. This study aims to explore how parents of late-stage adolescents experience their parental role and their quality of life, and how these experiences are influenced by the developmental, social, and health-related circumstances of their adolescents. Methods A qualitative design was conducted with individual semi-structured in-depth interviews of 15 Norwegian parents of adolescents aged 16–19 years. Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Three major themes were identified: (1) Challenging, but mostly joy, (2) If my child is doing well, I am doing well and (3) A process of detachment – you need to let go. Several parents expressed feelings of joy seeing their children become more reflective and independent. However, parents also faced challenges as their adolescents made their own choices. A key aspect of parenting late-stage adolescents involved detachment, balancing giving freedom and responsibility while offering guidance as needed. Parents’ quality of life was closely connected to how their children were coping with challenges in everyday life. When the children were doing well, the parents perceived their own quality of life as good, and it was easier for them to prioritize own needs. Conclusions The parental role changes during adolescence. Adolescents are increasingly becoming more autonomous, and parents must balance between giving freedom, setting boundaries and offering sufficient support to their adolescents. This process can be demanding and affect parents’ quality of life. However, most important to parents is their children’s well-being; thus, parents’ quality of life depends on how well their children are doing. The results indicate that parents need more information on how to prepare for their adolescents’ complex emotions and behavioral changes, along with guidance on fostering healthy autonomy while ensuring open, trusting communication.

• Köpp, Unni Mette Stamnes; Mikkelsen, Hilde E. Timenes & Vistad, Ingvild (2026). Omvendt undervisning – en kvalitativ studie blant medisinstudenter. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening (Tidsskriftet). ISSN 0029-2001. 146(5). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.25.0438. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Bakgrunn og formål Omvendt undervisning, det vil si at studentene forbereder seg før undervisningen, innebærer at undervisningstiden kan brukes til diskusjon, refleksjon og studentaktiviserende arbeid. Formålet med denne kvalitative studien var å undersøke hvordan forberedelsesoppgaver påvirker medisinstudentenes motivasjon, engasjement og opplevde læring. Materiale og metode To fokusgruppeintervjuer med til sammen 14 medisinstudenter ved Universitetet i Oslo, Campus Sør, ble gjennomført i mai 2024. Studentene hadde erfaring med både tradisjonell og omvendt undervisning. Intervjuene ble analysert med refleksiv tematisk analyse med fokus på studentenes erfaringer med forberedelser og undervisning. Resultater Studentene ga uttrykk for at tydelige forventninger og forberedelser tilpasset undervisningens omfang styrket motivasjonen. De foretrakk kortfattede forberedelsesoppgaver tilgjengelig i god tid. Aktiv bruk av forberedelsesoppgavene i undervisningen gjennom quiz, diskusjoner og kasuistikker fremmet engasjement og opplevd faglig mestring. Studentene erfarte at undervisningsmodellen styrket forståelse av stoffet og trygghet i faglige diskusjoner, særlig ved komplekse temaer. Studentene opplevde også at undervisningsformen støttet utvikling av profesjonell identitet og forberedelse til klinisk arbeid. Fortolkning Kombinasjon av avgrensede forberedelsesoppgaver og aktiv integrering av disse i omvendt undervisning fremmer studentenes motivasjon, engasjement, faglige mestringsfølelse og refleksjon.

• Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes; Barken, Tina Lien; Rohde, Gudrun E.; Helseth, Sølvi & Skarstein, Siv (2026). Parental health literacy in parents of adolescents aged 16–19: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health. 26(1). doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-26471-9. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: Parental health literacy is crucial for adolescent health outcomes — particularly during late adolescence, when teenagers take on greater health responsibility. There is a need for further research into parental health literacy and how parents access, understand, appraise, and apply health information, as this is vital for assisting their adolescents in making well-informed health decisions. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of how parents of late-stage adolescents perceive their parental health literacy and to explore their experiences in transferring responsibility for health-related decisions to their adolescents. Methods: A study with a qualitative design was carried out using individual semi-structured interviews with 15 Norwegian parents of adolescents aged 16–19 years. Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data. Results: Three major themes were generated: (1) Transfer of health-related responsibility: from parental oversight to adolescent self-management, (2) parental health literacy and source credibility: navigating trustworthy information, and (3) enhancing parental health literacy to better support adolescents’ informed health decision‑making. Parents experience a shift as they balance their guidance with the adolescents’ growing autonomy. This involves selecting credible health information from digital platforms, healthcare professionals, and personal networks, underscoring the importance of parental health literacy in fostering adolescents’ informed decision-making and self-management of health. Conclusions: Parents of late‑stage adolescents are committed to supporting their children in managing health-related issues and to help develop adolescents’ capacity for autonomous health management, emphasizing the importance of parental health literacy. By facilitating the development of critical appraisal skills, and guiding informed decision-making, parents may contribute to strengthening adolescents’ competence and confidence in handling health-related matters more safely and independently. However, parents reported that losing access to their child’s health information after age 16 may hinder their ability to help. Empowering parents through strengthening their HL may improve individual and family health outcomes.

• Grasaas, Erik; Rohde, Gudrun E.; Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes; Helseth, Sølvi; Hagen, Milada & Skarstein, Siv [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2025). The relationship between parental self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, stress and educational level on adolescents’ self-efficacy: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition. ISSN 1606-0997. 44. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-01163-z. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Self-efficacy is a well-known concept often referred to as the belief in the ability to perform in different situations. The concept of self-efficacy is particularly relevant during adolescence, as it serves as a self-regulatory mechanism through which adolescents can be motivated to change their behavior by significant others, such as parents. However, there is little research evidence on how parental factors are associated with adolescents’ self-efficacy. Hence, this current paper aimed to describe parental self-efficacy, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), stress, and educational level and explore associations between the participating parent’s self-efficacy, HRQOL, stress, and educational level on adolescents’ self-efficacy stratified by gender. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed among 508 Norwegian adolescent-parent dyads. Adolescents were 13–15 years old and completed an electronic survey during school hours with teacher and researcher present, whereas the participating parent completed the survey at home. The Survey comprised of a test battery of questionnaires, including sociodemographic data, self-efficacy for both adolescents and parents, and the parental factors: stress, HRQOL, and educational level. Separate multivariable regressions were conducted for the participating parent using STATA software. Results Descriptive analyses revealed a self-efficacy score of (mean/standard deviation (SD), 32.9 (4.0) vs. 34.1 (4.3)), HRQOL (mean/SD, PCS 51.1 (9.5) vs. 53.3 (7.0), MCS 51.9 (8.2) vs. 54.1 (7.2)) and stress (mean/SD, 0.28 (0.24) vs. 0.25 (0.15) among mothers and fathers respectively. Half of the mothers (506%) and 46.1% of the fathers reported ≥ 16 years of education. Multivariable regressions revealed all nonsignificant associations of all parental study variables on adolescents’ self-efficacy (all p > 0.05). Conclusions In this study, the parental factors examined were not associated with adolescents’ self-efficacy. These findings highlight the need for further observational and longitudinal studies with larger samples to better understand how parental factors influence adolescents’ self-efficacy.

• Sjuls, Marianne; Fegran, Liv; Ludvigsen, Mette Spliid & Robstad, Anja Nastasja (2025). Fathering a Child With a Progressive Life-Limiting Condition in the Context of Pediatric Palliative Care: A Qualitative Interview Study. Qualitative Health Research. ISSN 1049-7323. doi: https:/journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/10497323251398383. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Fathers report feeling sidelined and being treated as secondary parents in healthcare settings. Despite their vital caregiving contributions, fathers remain underrepresented in pediatric palliative care research, particularly outside oncological contexts. This qualitative study, using a phenomenological hermeneutical design, explores the lived experiences of Norwegian fathers raising children with progressive life-limiting conditions. Thirteen fathers of children aged 1–18 years participated in in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted online or in person. All children had received a diagnosis at least 12 months prior, lived at home, and received varying levels of care support. The analysis followed a modified version of Ricoeur’s interpretation theory, as described by Lindseth and Norberg in their three-step phenomenological hermeneutical method, and revealed four themes: (1) “Balancing between grief and relief,” where fathers described emotional ambivalence during the diagnostic phase; (2) “Searching for stability in an unpredictable life,” where fathers often turned to information and peer support to manage uncertainty; (3) “Feeling homebound yet making space for life,” where many felt confined to the home but made deliberate efforts to create meaningful experiences for their children and themselves; and (4) “Juggling between being a dad, caregiver, and breadwinner,” where fathers navigated complex and often conflicting roles. The findings highlight the emotional and practical challenges fathers face and underscore the importance of recognizing their unique support needs. Proactive involvement in care planning, access to pediatric palliative care services, peer networks, and respite opportunities are essential not only for the child’s well-being but also to sustain fathers’ caregiving capacity.

• Schuur, Eden Eleanor Van Der & Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes (2025). Public health nurses’ experiences with work aimed at increasing adolescents’ health literacy: a qualitative study. BMC Nursing. 24(1). doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03976-z. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Abstract Background Health literacy is essential for maintaining good health by enabling individuals to make informed and beneficial health choices in their daily lives. Enhancing health literacy in adolescents is important, because it can empower them to become more engaged with and actively participate in their own health. More knowledge is needed on how public health nurses work to enhance health literacy among adolescents. Therefore, the objective of this study is to explore public health nurses’ experiences with work aimed at enhancing adolescents’ health literacy. Methods The study was inspired by a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach. A qualitative research method was used, in which eight public health nurses from the school health service in the southern part of Norway were interviewed individually. The data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis approach. Results Three main themes were identified: (1) Public health nurses use multiple approaches to enhance adolescents’ health literacy; (2) Health information during adolescence is influenced by social media; and (3) Parental involvement is crucial during adolescence. Conclusions This study demonstrates the unique position of public health nurses in enhancing health literacy among adolescents and their parents. A core component of their work is focused on normalizing aspects of adolescents’ everyday lives, such as emotions and body image, which is vital considering adolescents’ exposure to unrealistic social media images and misleading health information found online. Furthermore, public health nurses play an important role in maintaining parental involvement, and they offer reliable, evidence-based guidance and support to adolescents and parents. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

• Skarstein, Siv; Helseth, Sølvi; Hagen, Milada; Haraldstad, Kristin; Rohde, Gudrun Elin & Mikkelsen, Hilde E. Timenes [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2024). Use of Over-The-Counter Analgesics is Associated with Pain, Stress, and Quality of Life in Norwegian Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Children. 11(10), p. 1–11. doi: 10.3390/children11101247. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Introduction: Approximately 20% of Norwegian adolescents are frequently using Over-the-Counter Analgesics (OTCAs). The WHO emphasizes the need for research to identify the key determinants of health problems in adolescence. Thus, our aim was to describe and explore pain, stress, and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in Norwegian adolescents and investigate possible associations upon high/low usage of OTCAs. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 315 adolescents (92 boys, 223 girls) with an average age of 14.1 years (13–15 years). All participants reported using OTCAs. Weekly usage was categorized as high and less than weekly as low. Using a validated questionnaire, we explored the following variables: pain, as measured using the Brief Pain Inventory, stress (Perceived Stress Questionnaire), and HRQOL (KIDSSCREEN-27). Binary logistic regression models were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 27). Results: Our descriptive findings reveal that high users of OTCAs reported higher pain intensity of 3.4 (SD = 1.9) and perceived stress of 0.38 (SD = 0.18) compared to low users, who reported 2.5 (SD = 1.9) and 0.32 (SD = 0.16), respectively. High OTCA users reported lower average scores than low users across all HRQOL subscales. Binary logistic regression revealed 30% higher odds for higher levels of pain intensity and 14 times higher odds of perceived stress associated with being a high user of OTCAs compared to a low user. Conclusions: Our study shows significantly higher odds for experiencing pain and stress among adolescents using OTCAs daily-to-weekly, compared to those seldom using such medicines. Health professionals should be aware of young people who have a high consumption of OTCAs and investigate whether the use is related to pain or stress. This might be important in designing a personalized and appropriate intervention. Parents and caregivers have an important responsibility in supporting adolescents’ appropriate pain management. Longitudinal studies are needed to better explore predictive factors of OTCA use in adolescents, particularly in relation to psychological variables such as stress and quality of life.

• Befus, Eva-Grethe; Mølland, Eirin; Helseth, Sølvi; Westergren, Per Christer Thomas; Abildsnes, Eirik & Hagen, Milada [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2024). Health-related quality of life and its association with socioeconomic status and mental health in 5- to 7-year-old children: a cross-sectional study. Quality of Life Research. ISSN 0962-9343. 34, p. 1–13. doi: 10.1007/s11136-024-03834-6. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Purpose Assessing socioeconomic status (SES), mental health, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young children is crucial for making informed health care decisions and identifying areas of intervention. The present study aimed to investigate potential associations between SES, mental health, and HRQoL in 5–7-year-old children. Method The present study included mother-reported health assessments for 621 children aged 5–7 years in Grade 1 collected between 2019 and 2023 as part of the Starting Right™ project. Online questionnaires were used to support public health nurses in assessing children’s health status. HRQoL (KIDSCREEN-27, 5 subscales) and mental health [Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), 4 subscales] were assessed. Sociodemographic characteristics, sex, maternal education, and income were obtained from Statistics Norway. The data were analyzed using multiple robust regression. Results Mother-reported mean scores for the KIDSCREEN-27 were within the normal range compared with European norms (8–11 years). However, for each KIDSCREEN-27 dimension, there were individuals whose mothers reported scores that were substantially lower than average. Having mental health problems, defined as being in the 80th and 90th percentiles of the SDQ Total problem score, was associated with 2.1–10.7-point lower KIDSCREEN-27 scores (p < 0.001–0.021), which was most noticeable in the KIDSCREEN-27 school environment subscale. Weak but significant positive associations were found between SES and HRQoL. Conclusion Our results provide important insights into the associations between SES, mental health, and HRQoL in young children. Given the strong association between mental health problems and HRQoL in Grade 1 children, the assessment of both is essential, so that early interventions, an improved caring environment, and nurturing support can be initiated.

• Rohde, Gudrun E.; Helseth, Sølvi; Småstuen, Milada Cvancarova; Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes; Skarstein, Siv & Haraldstad, Kristin (2024). The relationship between gender, psychosocial factors, pain, health literacy and health-related quality of life in parents of Norwegian adolescents one year into the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health. 24(1). doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18525-7. Full text in Research Archive
• Andreasen, Eva Mari; Berg, Helen; Steinsbekk, Aslak Irgens; Høigaard, Rune & Haraldstad, Kristin (2023). The effect of using desktop VR to practice preoperative handovers with the ISBAR approach: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Medical Education. 23. doi: 10.1186/s12909-023-04966-y. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Aim The aim was to investigate whether second-year undergraduate nursing students practicing the Identification-Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation (ISBAR) communication approach in a desktop virtual reality (VR) application had a non-inferior learning outcome compared with the traditional paper-based method when sorting patient information correctly based on the ISBAR structure. Methods A non-inferior parallel group assessor blinded randomized controlled trial, conducted in simulation sessions as part of preparation for clinical placements in March and April 2022. After a 20-minute introductory session, the participants were randomized to self-practice the ISBAR approach for 45 minutes in groups of three in either an interactive desktop VR application (intervention) or traditional paper-based (TP) simulation. The primary outcome concerned the proportion of nursing students who sorted all 11 statements of patient information in the correct ISBAR order within a time limit of 5 min. The predefined, one-sided, non-inferiority limit was 13 percentage points in favor of traditional paper-based simulation. Results Of 210 eligible students, 175 (83%) participated and were allocated randomly to the VR (N = 87) or TP (N = 88) group. Practicing in the desktop VR application (36% of everything correct) was non-inferior to the traditional paper-based method (22% everything correct), with a difference of 14.2 percentage points (95% CI 0.7 to 27.1) in favor of VR. The VR group repeated the simulation 0.6 times more (95% CI 0.5 to 0.7). Twenty percent more (95% CI 6.9 to 31.6) of the students in the VR group reported liked how they practiced. All the other outcomes including the System Usability Scale indicated non-inferiority or were in favor of VR. Conclusions Self-practicing with the ISBAR approach in desktop VR was non-inferior to the traditional paper-based method and gave a superior learning outcome.

• Stavnsbo, Mette; Stenling, Andreas; Berntsen, Sveinung; Chinapaw, Mai J. M.; Hansen, Bjørge Hermann & Manios, Yannis [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2023). Does an obesogenic family environment moderate the association between sports participation and body composition in children? The ENERGY project. Pediatric Obesity. ISSN 2047-6302. 18(7). doi: 10.1111/ijpo.13031. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  BackgroundPrevious research on the association between sports participation and body composition has shown mixed findings. The family home is considered one of the most influential environments on childhood obesity. Thus, the association between sports participation and body composition in children may be influenced by an obesogenic home environment.ObjectivesTo investigate if an obesogenic family environment moderates the association between sports participation and body composition in children.MethodsA total of 3999 children (54% girls; 11.6 ± 0.7 years) and their parent(s) were included from the ENERGY project. A composite obesogenic family environment risk score was created from 10 questionnaire items. Height, weight (to calculate body mass index), and waist circumference were obtained by trained researchers and used as indicators of body composition.ResultsThe composite risk score significantly moderated the association between sports participation and both waist circumference and body mass index. In children from families with moderate and high obesogenic risk, organized sports participation was significantly associated with smaller waist circumference (moderate risk: −0.29, 95% CI −0.45 to −0.14; high risk: −0.46, 95% CI −0.66 to −0.25) and lower body mass index (moderate risk: −0.10, 95% CI −0.16 to −0.04; high risk: −0.14, 95% CI −0.22 to −0.06), but not in children with a low obesogenic family risk score.ConclusionsEnrolling children in sports activities from an early age can be important for healthy weight maintenance, especially among children from obesogenic family environments.

• Haraldstad, Kristin; Abildsnes, Eirik; Bøe, Tormod; Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås; Wilson, Philip & Mølland, Eirin (2023). Health-related quality of life of children from low-income families: the new patterns study. BMC Public Health. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-17335-7. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Child poverty has been gradually rising, and about 12% of all Norwegian children are living in a state of relative poverty. This study was part of the New Patterns project, which recruits low-income families requiring long-term welfare services. Included families receive integrated welfare services, with the help of a family coordinator. The current study objectives were to explore the associations between HRQoL, demographic variables (age, gender, immigration status) and leisure activities in children and adolescents in low-income families. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among low-income families. Participating families had children (N = 214) aged 8–18 years.The family had a household income below 60% of the equivalized median population income for three consecutive years and needed long-term welfare services. HRQoL was measured using the KIDSCREEN-27 self-report instrument. Descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and proportions, were calculated, and ordinary least squares regressions were performed, clustering standard errors at the family level. Results Compared with boys, girls reported lower HRQoL on only one out of five dimensions, physical wellbeing. In the regression analysis we found statistically significant positive associations between migrant status and HRQoL on all five dimensions: physical wellbeing, psychological wellbeing, parents and autonomy, peers and social support, and school environment. In addition, age was associated with school environment, and age, gender and participation in leisure activities was associated with better physical wellbeing. Conclusions Baseline results regarding HRQoL among children and adolescents in low-income families indicate that they have overall good HRQoL, though some participants had low HRQoL scores, especially on the physical and social support dimensions. Children with an immigrant background report higher HRQoL than do children without an immigrant background.

• Bøe, Tormod; Ostojic, Helene Angelica; Haraldstad, Kristin; Abildsnes, Eirik; Wilson, Philip & Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Self-reported and parent-reported mental health in children from low-income families in Agder, Norway: results from baseline measurements of New Patterns project participants. BMJ Open. 13(11). doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076400. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Poverty may pose risks to child and adolescent mental health, but few studies have reported on this association among children and adolescents in low-income families in Norway. Methods Based on a sample participating in an intervention for low-income families in Norway, we report data from the survey administered at the start of the intervention. Mental health problems were measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ; self-report (SR) n = 148; parent/proxy-report (PR) n = 153, mean age = 10.8). Demographic and family characteristics were obtained from parent reported data. Results are presented by gender and migration background. Regression analysis was used to investigate the relative contribution of background factors to mental health symptoms. The distribution of scores is compared to UK norms. Results Participants reported relatively high scores on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) Total Difficulties Scale (parent/proxy-report, PR mean=10.7; self-report, SR mean=10.1). Participants with non-immigrant backgrounds scored considerably higher on the Total Difficulties Scale (PR mean difference=2.9; SR 5.3) and on most other domains measured with the SDQ compared with their peers with immigration backgrounds. Participants generally scored higher than or equal to UK norms. Conclusion Participants in the current study had many symptoms of mental health problems, with large differences between those with and without a migrant background. Interventions for low-income families should be based on detailed knowledge about differences in family risks, resources and needs.

• Broomhead, Tom; Gibson, Barry C; Parkinson, C; Robinson, PG; Vettore, Mario Vianna & Baker, Sarah Ruth (2023). Development and psychometric validation of the gum health experience questionnaire. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. ISSN 0303-6979. p. 1–10. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13878. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Aim To develop and validate a new health-related quality of life measure to capture a wide range of gum-related impacts. Materials and Methods The measure was developed using a multi-stage approach and a theoretical model. Development involved semi-structured interviews, pilot testing, cross-sectional analysis among a general population (n = 152) to assess psychometric properties and test–retest reliability among a subsample (n = 27). Results Psychometric analysis supports the validity and reliability of the measure's impact scale. The measure has excellent internal reliability (nearly all item-total correlations above .4; Cronbach's alpha between .84 and .91 for subscales), with test–retest reliability also performing well (Intra-class correlation coefficient [ICC] of .91–.97 for subscales). Good content validity (indicated by large standard deviations for item and total scores) and construct validity (correlations of .54–.73 with global gum health rating for subscales, all p < .05) were also observed. Qualitative and quantitative data indicate that people with gum health-related symptoms experience different degrees of discomfort and impacts caused by their condition. Conclusions The gum health experience questionnaire holds substantial promise as a measure of gum-related quality of life in people across the gum health–disease continuum. Further face validity, refining and reducing the number of items and longitudinal studies to test evaluative properties are required before the measure can be used with confidence.

• Mohamed, Seham A S; Baker, Sarah R; Deery, Christopher & Vettore, Mario Vianna (2023). The relationship of children's dental clinical status with school performance and school attendance in the Kingdom of Bahrain: A life-course approach. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. ISSN 0301-5661. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12905. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objectives To examine the association between dental clinical status and school performance and school attendance in the Kingdom of Bahrain (KoB) using a life-course framework. Methods This time-ordered cross-sectional study included 466 school children in Grade 2 (aged 7–8 years) and their parents in the KoB. Data were collected through parents' self-administered questionnaires, children's face-to-face interviews and dental clinical examinations. Data on children's school performance and school attendance were gathered from parents and school records. Structural equation modelling (SEM) examined the direct and indirect pathways between variables. Results Children born in families with high socio-economic status (SES) were less likely to have dental caries and more likely to have better school performance at 7–8 years of age. Dentine caries was directly linked with poor school performance. Treated teeth directly predicted high school performance. The presence of dentine caries mediated the relationship of SES with school performance. Conclusions Birth and current socio-economic factors were significant predictors of dental clinical conditions and school performance. Dental caries and fewer treated teeth directly predicted poor school performance.

• Knorst, Jessica Klöckner; Vettore, Mario Vianna; Brondani, Bruna; Emmanuelli, Bruno & Ardenghi, Thiago Machado (2023). The Different Roles of Structural and Cognitive Social Capital on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Adolescents. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH). ISSN 1661-7827. 20(8). doi: 10.3390/ijerph20085603. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This study evaluated the relationship of structural and cognitive dimensions of social capital with oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort of adolescents from southern Brazil. OHRQoL was evaluated using the short version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire 11-14 (CPQ11-14). Structural social capital was measured by attendance of religious meetings and social networks from friends and neighbours. Cognitive social capital was evaluated through trust in friends and neighbours, perception of relationships in the neighbourhood, and social support during hard times. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate the association between social capital dimensions and overall CPQ11-14 scores; higher scores corresponded to worse OHRQoL. The sample comprised 429 adolescents with a mean age of 12 years. Adolescents who attended religious meetings less than once a month or never presented higher overall CPQ11-14 scores. Adolescents who did not trust their friends and neighbours, those who believe that their neighbours did not have good relationships, and those reporting no support during hard times also presented higher overall CPQ11-14 scores. OHRQoL was poorer in individuals who presented lower structural and cognitive social capital, with the greatest impact related to the cognitive dimension.

• Gjellestad, Marianne; Haraldstad, Kristin; Enehaug, Heidi & Helmersen, Migle (2023). Women’s Health and Working Life: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH). ISSN 1661-7827. 20(2). doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021080. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Women’s health matters for participation in working life. The objective of this study was to explore female physiology in a work–life context and to investigate possible associations between women’s health, sickness absence and work ability. A scoping review was conducted to develop a systematic overview of the current research and to identify knowledge gaps. The search strategy was developed through a population, concept and context (PCC) model, and three areas of women’s health were identified for investigation in the context of work. A total of 5798 articles were screened by title and abstract and 274 articles were screened by full text; 130 articles were included in the review. The material included research from 19 countries; the majority of the studies used quantitative methods. The results showed an impact on the occupational setting and an association between sickness absence, work ability and all three areas of women’s health, but a holistic and overall perspective on female biology in the work context is missing. This review calls for more knowledge on health and work and possible gender differences in this regard. Women’s health and working life involve a complex connection that has the potential to develop new knowledge.

• Costa, Liliane Ramos; Vettore, Mario Vianna; Quadros, Larissa Neves; Vieira, Janete Maria Rebelo; Herkrath, Ana Paula Corrêa de Queiroz & Queiroz, Adriana Corrêa de [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2023). Socio-economic status, psychosocial factors, health behaviours and incidence of dental caries in 12-year-old children living in deprived communities in Manaus, Brazil. Journal of Dentistry. ISSN 0300-5712. 133. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104504. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objectives: This study examines the relationships between socio-economic status, psychosocial factors, healthrelated behaviours and the incidence of dental caries amongst 12-year-old schoolchildren living in deprived communities in Manaus, Brazil. Methods: A longitudinal study involving 312 children aged 12 years was conducted in the city of Manaus, Brazil. Baseline data including socio-economic status (number of goods, household overcrowding, parents’ schooling, family income), psychosocial factors (sense of coherence [SOC-13], social support [Social Support Appraisals questionnaire]) and health-related behaviours (frequency of toothbrushing, sugar consumption, sedentary behaviour) were collected through structured questionnaires. The number of decayed teeth was clinically assessed at baseline and one-year follow-up. A hypothesised model evaluating the direct and indirect pathways between the variables was tested using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Results: The incidence of dental caries at the one-year follow-up was 25.6%. Sugar consumption (β = 0.103) and sedentary behaviour (β = 0.102) directly predicted the incidence of dental caries. A higher socio-economic status was directly linked with lower sugar consumption (β = -0.243) and higher sedentary behaviour (β = 0.227). Higher social support directly predicted lower sugar consumption (β = -0.114). Lower socio-economic status (β = -0.046) and lower social support (β = -0.026) indirectly predicted the incidence of dental caries via sugar consumption and sedentary behaviour. Conclusions: In the population studied, sugar consumption and sedentary behaviour are meaningful predictors of the incidence of dental caries amongst schoolchildren living in deprived communities. Indirect pathways of lower socio-economic status and low social support with dental caries incidence via sugar consumption and sedentary behaviour were detected. These findings should be considered in oral interventions and oral health care policies to prevent dental caries amongst children living in deprivation. Clinical significance: Social conditions, social support, sedentary behaviour and sugar consumption directly influence dental caries in children.

• Fernandes, Izabella Barbosa; Ramos-Jorge, Joana; Mourão, Priscila Seixas; Rodrigues, Angélica Beatriz; Coelho, Valéria Silveira & Vettore, Mario Vianna [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). The Impact of Socio-Environmental, Individual, and Biological Factors on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Preschool Children: A Cohort Study with 3-Year Follow-Up. Caries Research. ISSN 0008-6568. 57(4), p. 470–484. doi: 10.1159/000529908. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This study assessed impact of socio-environmental, individual, and biological factors on the worsening and severe worsening of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among preschoolers and their families. A cohort study was conducted in Diamantina, Brazil, with 151 children between 1 and 3 years of age and their mothers, who were evaluated at baseline (2014) and re-evaluated after 3 years (2017). The children were clinically examined to assess the presence of dental caries, malocclusion, dental trauma, and enamel defects. The mothers answered the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS) and a questionnaire addressing individual characteristics of the child and socio-environmental factors. Extensive caries found in the follow-up (relative risk [RR] = 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26–2.91) and failure to undergo the dental treatment recommended at baseline (RR = 2.49; 95% CI = 1.62–3.81) were associated with worsening of OHRQoL over 3 years. An increase in the number of children in the household (RR = 2.95; 95% CI = 1.06–8.25), occurrence of extensive caries in the follow-up (RR = 2.06; 95% CI = 1.05–4.07), and failure to undergo the dental treatment recommended at baseline (RR = 3.68; 95% CI = 1.96–6.89) were associated with a severe worsening of OHRQoL. In conclusion, the risk of worsening and severe worsening of OHRQoL was higher in preschoolers with extensive caries at follow-up and among those who did not undergo dental treatment. Furthermore, severe worsening of OHRQoL was also impacted by an increase in the number of children in the household.

• Prado, Patricia Rezende do; Silveira, Renata Cristina Campos Pereira; Vettore, Mario Vianna; Fossum, Mariann; Vabo, Grete Lund & Gimenes, Fernanda Raphael Escobar (2023). Nursing interventions to prevent corneal injury in critically ill sedated and mechanically ventilated patients: A systematic review of interventions. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing. ISSN 0964-3397. 78. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2023.103447. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Objective: To identify the effectiveness of interventions to prevent corneal injury in critically ill, sedated, and mechanically ventilated patients. Research methodology: A systematic review of intervention studies was conducted in the following electronic databases: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Study selection and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. Quality assessment of the randomized and non-randomized studies was performed using the Risk of Bias (RoB 2.0) and ROBINS-I Cochrane tools, respectively, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies. The certainty of the evidence was assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results: 15 studies were included. Meta-analysis showed that the risk of corneal injury in the lubricants group was 66% lower (RR = 0.34; 95 %CI: 0.13–0.92) than in the eye-taping group. The risk of corneal injury in the polyethylene chamber was 68% lower than in the eye ointment group (RR = 0.32; 95 %CI 0.07–1.44). The risk of bias was low in most of the studies included and the certainty of the evidence was evaluated. Conclusions: The most effective interventions to prevent corneal injury in critically ill sedated mechanically ventilated, who have compromised blinking and eyelid closing mechanisms, are ocular lubrication, preferably gel or ointment, and protection of the corneas with a polyethylene chamber. Implications for clinical practice: Critically ill, sedated, and mechanically ventilated patients who have compromised blinking and eyelid closing mechanisms must receive interventions to prevent corneal injury. Ocular lubrication, preferably gel or ointment, and protection of the corneas with a polyethylene chamber were the most effective interventions to prevent corneal injury in critically ill, sedated, and mechanically ventilated patients. A polyethylene chamber must be made commercially available for critically ill, sedated, and mechanically ventilated patients.

• Mølland, Eirin; Lundberg, Kjetil; Haraldstad, Kristin; Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås; Bøe, Tormod & Danielsen, Hilde [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2023). Economic composition and income volatility of Norwegian low-income families – a mixed method study of its implications. Nordic Journal of Social Research. 14(1), p. 1–22. doi: 10.18261/njsr.14.1.2. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: There is a growing amount of research literature documenting increasing social inequality and an increase in the number of children growing up in families with persistently low income in all Scandinavian countries. However, there is a research gap on the issue of income composition; what the main income sources of low-income families are in relation to the families’ position to the labour market and to the welfare state, and possible implications of this to the families’ potential to escape poverty. The aim of this study was to describe the complexity in income sources experienced by low-income families with and without immigrant backgrounds in Norway. Method: Families with children aged 0–17 years (N = 168 families) with low income and in need of long-standing welfare services participated in the New Patterns project. We used a parallel mixed-methods design with quantitative and qualitative research methods, using questionnaires, register data, individual and focus group interviews, workshops with family coordinators and ethnographic fieldwork. Results: Most parents included in the study had low education (51%) and a low proportion participated in the labour market (21%). Twenty different income sources or benefits that the families received were identified and no clear pattern of type of income sources that families received emerged. Families with immigrant background were more likely to receive basic subsistence benefits than non-immigrant background families, and there were corresponding small differences in employment status upon entering the New Patterns project. Several benefits are reduced if families receive other types of income and the interdependence between the various revenue sources increases the unpredictability of total family income. The families have varying degrees of economic literacy, practical finance skills and competence in managing bureaucracy. Conclusion: Income volatility and mechanisms in the Norwegian welfare system contribute to a poverty trap for low-income families who depend on benefits that are not work-related.

• Befus, Eva-Grethe; Helseth, Sølvi; Mølland, Eirin; Westergren, Per Christer Thomas; Fegran, Liv & Haraldstad, Kristin (2023). Use of KIDSCREEN health-related quality of life instruments in the general population of children and adolescents: a scoping review. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 21. doi: 10.1186/s12955-023-02088-z. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Purpose Subjectively assessing health related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and adolescents is increasingly important in the public health feld. One valid and widely used generic HRQoL instrument is the KIDSCREEN question‑ naire. The aim of this study was to map all studies using KIDSCREEN instruments in the general population of children and adolescents aged 6–18 years. Methods A scoping review was conducted. The search strategy was formulated according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Scoping Reviews guidelines. The databases Cinahl, socINDEX, Medline, Embase, APA Psychinfo, Scopus, and Eric were searched in October 2021. Results In total, 1365 papers were eligible for screening, 1031 were excluded and 334 reports were read in full. 252 reports were included. KIDSCREEN studies in the general population was predominantly conducted in Europe (n=211). Most studies (n=179) had a cross sectional design, while few experimental studies (n=24) were found. The three KIDSCREEN versions comprising of 10, 27 and 52 items, were equally distributed between studies. The selfreported version (n=225) of the KIDSCREEN instrument was more prevalent than the proxy version, while few studies discussed a cut point. Study contexts refected international trends of public health challenges, commonly including mental- and psychosocial health, physical activity, socioeconomic status, and obesity. Conclusion KIDSCREEN is widely used in cross sectional studies assessing common public health challenges. Experi‑ mental and longitudinal assessments, possibly including relevant cut ofs remain mainly unexplored and are recom‑ mended for future research.

• Andreasen, Eva Mari; Høigaard, Rune; Berg, Helen; Steinsbekk, Aslak Irgens & Haraldstad, Kristin (2023). The perceived usability of desktop VR for practicing preoperative handovers using ISBAR among nursing students. Science Talks. 5. doi: 10.1016/j.sctalk.2023.100140. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Virtual reality (VR) is an evolving teaching method (Jacobs et al., 2022). However, there is no VR solution for practicing systematic and precise communication, which is a crucial nursing competence during handovers when patients undergo surgery (Gordon, 2018). It is recommended to use the identification-situation-background-assessment-recommendation (ISBAR) approach, which is evidence-based and recommended for communicating patient information between healthcare providers (Shahid & Thomas, 2018). VR has great potential to improve learning outcomes (Foronda et al., 2020; Kyaw et al., 2019). Therefore, a preoperative ISBAR desktop VR application (henceforth application) was developed for undergraduate nursing students to practice handovers. This study evaluated the perceived usability of this application solution involving nine second-year undergraduate nursing students aged 22–29 years at a university in Norway. The participants completed the System Usability Score (SUS) (Brooke, 1996). The students found the application to be a highly motivational learning tool and said it provided interactive learning experiences that were engaging and close to practice. The mean score on the SUS was 83 out of a possible 100 (standard deviation 18.8), which translates to excellent usability (Fig. 1), which means that nursing students found it easy to complete tasks efficiently and effectively.

• Penoni, Daniela Cia; Torres, Sandra Regina; Oliveira, Matheus L; Farias, Maria Lucia Fleiuss; Vettore, Mario Vianna & Leão, Anna Thereza Thomé Leão (2023). Untreated osteoporosis and higher FRAX as risk factors for tooth loss: a 5-year prospective study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. ISSN 0914-8779. 41, p. 727–737. doi: 10.1007/s00774-023-01451-w. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Introduction Studies have shown that an impaired bone condition, represented by osteoporosis and increased fracture risk, may potentially aggravate periodontal disease and, consequently, the risk of tooth loss. This 5-year prospective study aimed to investigate whether systemic bone condition represents risk factor for tooth loss due to periodontal disease amongst elderly women. Material and methods Seventy-four participants, aged≥65 years, who attended the 5-years recall for periodontal evaluation were involved. Baseline exposures were osteoporosis and fracture risk probabilities (FRAX). Women were grouped according to bone mineral density (BMD) and years of bone treatment for osteoporosis. The primary outcome at a 5-year follow-up was the number of tooth loss due to periodontal disease. Periodontitis staging and grading, and causes of tooth loss were recorded. Results The multivariate Poisson regression models showed that women with untreated/shortly treated osteoporosis were 4 times more likely to present higher number of tooth loss due to periodontal disease than those with normal BMD or treated for≥3 years (risk ratio (RR)=4.00, 95% CI 1.40– 11.27). Higher FRAX was also linked to tooth loss (RR=1.25, 95% CI 1.02–1.53). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve suggested that women with history of≥1 tooth losses have higher chances of worse major FRAX (sensitivity=72.2%; specifcity=72.2%). Conclusion In this 5-year study, higher FRAX and untreated osteoporosis were risk factors for tooth loss. Women with normal BMD or treated for osteoporosis for≥3 years did not show increased risk. Management of skeletal conditions should be emphasized with periodontal care for the prevention of tooth loss in elderly women.

• Sjuls, Marianne; Ludvigsen, Mette Spliid; Robstad, Anja Nastasja & Fegran, Liv (2023). Fathers' experiences of living with a child with a progressive life-limiting condition without curative treatment options: A qualitative systematic review. Journal of Advanced Nursing. ISSN 0309-2402. doi: 10.1111/jan.15884. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Aim: To systematically review and synthesize findings across qualitative primary stud-ies about fathers' experiences of living with a child with a progressive life- limiting condition without curative treatment options (C3 conditions).Design: Systematic review and metasynthesis.Methods: Sandelowski and Barosso's qualitative research methodology guided this review and metasynthesis. A modification of Ricoeur's interpretation theory, de-scribed by Lindseth and Norberg, guided the synthesis of qualitative data. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Qualitative Research.Data Sources: A systematic literature search was conducted on 6 May 2022 and up-dated on 19 July 2023 on MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, APA PsycInfo and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were English-written qualitative studies from the year 2000, from which we could extract data on fathers' experiences of living with a child from 0 to 18 years with a progressive life- limiting condition without curative treatment options.Results: Seven reports from Western countries contributed to the review. Through structural analysis, we developed the following themes: ‘Being shattered in the per-ception of fatherhood’, ‘Establishing a new normal’ and ‘Striving to be acknowledged as a part of the caring team’.Conclusion: Fathers had to establish a new normal, and they experienced anticipa-tory mourning, role conflicts and feeling sidelined in healthcare settings when living with a child with a C3 condition. An important issue for further research on paediatric palliative care (PPC) should be to include fathers in the research sample and report separately on fathers' or mothers' experiences instead of parents' experiences.Impact: The findings will be of interest to healthcare personnel and multidisciplinary teams working within PPC, as they give insight into fathers' experiences and suggest interventions to increase healthcare personnel's involvement with fathers, such as telemedicine. Reporting Method: Following EQUATOR guidelines, the study was reported accord-ing to the enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research (ENTREQ) framework.Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or Public Contribution.

• Kleppang, Annette Løvheim; Vettore, Mario Vianna; Hartz, Ingeborg; Haugland, Siri Håvås & Stea, Tonje Holte (2023). Patterns of unhealthy behaviours during adolescence and subsequent anxiety and depression in adulthood: a prospective register linkage study of the HUNT survey and health registries. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 20(6). doi: 10.1186/s12966-023-01408-2. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background There is increasing need for prospective investigations in the preventing role of health-related behaviours on mental health problems. The aim of this study is to identify patterns of health-related behaviours in adolescence, and the association between the behavioural patterns and the subsequent diagnoses and/or drug treatment for anxiety and/or depression in adulthood. Methods This prospective study consisted of 13–19-year-old participants in the Trøndelag Health Study (Young-HUNT3) in 2006–2008 (n = 2061, 1205 females and 856 males) in Norway, who also participated in HUNT4 (2017–2019). Survey data on health-related behaviours in adolescence, including low level of physical activity, low consumption of wholegrain bread, fish, fruit, vegetables and high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and insomnia were linked on an individual level to prospective information on drug use and diagnosis in national health registries. The different patterns of health-related behaviours were identified through latent class analysis. Subsequent anxiety or depression was defined as at least one recording in either of three registries covering recorded diagnosis in primary and specialist healthcare, or dispensed prescription drugs during 2008–2019. Additionally, self-reported psychological distress measured in young adulthood was applied as a supplemental outcome measure. Results Four patterns of health-related behaviours were identified: high risk behaviours (class 1), moderate to high risk behaviours (class 2), low to moderate risk behaviours (class 3) and low risk behaviours (class 4). Adolescents in class 3 showed higher odds of subsequent diagnoses for anxiety and/or depression in primary and specialist healthcare compared to class 4 participants. In addition, both class 1 and class 4 participants had higher odds for self-reported psychological distress than those class 4 (OR = 1.56 and OR = 1.86, respectively). Conclusions Our findings suggest that health-related behaviours are clustered among Norwegian adolescents. The patterns of unhealthy behaviours during adolescence only partly increased the risk of anxiety and depression in adulthood. Promoting healthy behaviours during adolescence may potentially reduce the burden of mental illness in adulthood, but further research is needed to clarify the nature of the relationships.

• Gomes, Andressa Coelho; Vettore, Mario Vianna; Quadros, Larissa Neves; Rebelo, Maria Augusta Bessa & Vieira, Janete Maria Rebelo (2023). Does using the sociodental approach in oral health care influence use of dental services and oral health of adolescents living in deprived communities? a one-year follow up study. BMC Health Services Research. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09596-0. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Oral health needs assessment is important for oral health care planning. This study compared dental treatment needs between normative and sociodental needs. We also longitudinally examined the relationships of baseline sociodental needs measures and socioeconomic status with one-year follow up measures of use of dental services, dental caries, filled teeth, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Methods A prospective study was conducted with 12-year-old adolescents from public schools in deprived communities in the city of Manaus, Brazil. Validated questionnaires were used to collect adolescents’ sex and socioeconomic status, OHRQoL (CPQ11−14) and behaviours (sugar intake, frequency of toothbrushing, regular use of fluoridated toothpaste and pattern of dental attendance). Normative need was ssessed according to decayed teeth, clinical consequences of untreated dental caries, malocclusion, dental trauma, and dental calculus. The relationships between variables were tested thorough Structural equation modelling. Results Overall 95.5% of adolescents had normative dental treatment needs. Of these, 9.4% were classified as high level of propensity. Higher normative/impact need and greater propensity-related need directly predicted use of dental services at one-year follow up. The latter mediated the association of normative/impact need and propensityrelated need with incidence of dental caries and filled teeth. Normative/impact need and use of dental services were directly associated with filled teeth at one-year follow up. Poor OHRQoL at one-year follow-up was directly predicted by higher normative/impact need at baseline and less filled teeth at one-year follow up. Greater socioeconomic status was directly associated with better propensity-related need. Socioeconomic status indirectly predicted incidence of dental caries and filled teeth via propensity-related need and use of dental services.

• Canellas, João Vitor dos Santos; Ritto, Fabio Gamboa; Rodolico, Alessandro; Aguglia, Eugenio; Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis de Oliveira & Figueredo, Carlos Marcelo da Silva [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). The international platform of registered systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (INPLASY) at 3 years: an analysis of 4,658 registered protocols on inplasy.com, platform features, and website statistics. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics. 8. doi: 10.3389/frma.2023.1135853. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: INPLASY® is an international platform for registering systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols that was launched in March 2020. INPLASY® provides an online database in which the protocols are maintained as permanent public records and can be accessed on its website (www.inplasy.com). Methods: We described the database features and registered information of all records published since the launch of the registry on March 31, 2023. Additionally, we analyzed the website statistics dataset to explore user experience and promote data transparency. Results: Four thousand six hundred fifty-eight records were registered in INPLASY®, and more than 94% of the protocols were published within 24 h. Most of the submissions were from China, followed by Portugal, Taiwan, Malaysia, and Brazil. The INPLASY® website received 386,395 page views from 64,568 visitors during the first three years. The accesses were obtained from 170 countries. Most of the accesses were from China, followed by the US, the UK, and Portugal. The review status “completed and published” was observed in 898 protocols, and these studies were published in 372 different scientific peer-reviewed journals. The features of INPLASY® include the following: (i) INPLASY® identifier, a unique protocol number; (ii) the digital object identifier (DOI) number, the URL of the protocol linked to a specific DOI; (iii) ORCID update, INPLASY® automatically updates authors' ORCID page, including their protocol; and (iv) search tools, the protocols are freely accessible on www.inplasy.com. Conclusions: INPLASY® has several practical and useful features that should be considered when planning the registration of a systematic review protocol. Furthermore, the sharp increase in the number of protocols registered in INPLASY® in the first three years and the database statistics demonstrate that INPLASY® has become an important source of systematic review protocols. Therefore, authors should access INPLASY® before planning a future review study to avoid unintended duplication of efforts and to obtain timely registration.

• Audulv, Åsa; Westergren, Per Christer Thomas; Ludvigsen, Mette Spliid; Pedersen, Mona Kyndi; Fegran, Liv & Hall, Elisabeth O. C. [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2023). Time and change: a typology for presenting research findings in qualitative longitudinal research. BMC Medical Research Methodology. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12874-023-02105-1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: Qualitative longitudinal research (QLR) is an emerging methodology used in health research. The method literature states that the change in a phenomenon through time should be the focus of any QLR study, but in empirical studies, the analysis of changes through time is often poorly described, and the emphasis on time/change in the findings varies greatly. This inconsistency might depend on limitations in the existing method literature in terms of describing how QLR studies can present findings. The aim of this study was to develop and describe a typology of alternative approaches for integrating time and/or change in QLR findings. Methods: In this method study, we used an adapted scoping review design. Articles were identified using EBSCOhost. In total, methods and results sections from 299 QLR articles in the field of health research were analyzed with inspiration from content analysis. Results: We constructed a typology of three types and seven subtypes. The types were based on the underlying structural principles of how time/change was presented: Type A) Findings have a low utilization of longitudinal data, Type B) Findings are structured according to chronological time, and Type C) Findings focus on changes through time. These types differed in 1) the way the main focus was on time, change or neither; 2) the level of interpretation in the findings; and 3) how theoretical understandings of time/change were articulated in the articles. Each type encompassed two or three subtypes that represented distinct approaches to the aim and results presentation of QLR findings. Conclusions: This method study is the first to describe a coherent and comprehensive typology of alternative approaches for integrating time/change into QLR findings in health research. By providing examples of various subtypes that can be used for results presentations, it can help researchers make informed decisions suitable to their research intent.

• Andresen, Gunvor S.; Johannessen, Berit A. T.; Rohde, Gudrun E.; Haraldstad, Kristin & Skisland, Anne Valen -Sendstad (2023). Læreres erfaringer med veiledning av sykepleierstudenter i kliniske studier gjennom covid-19 pandemien. Sykepleien Forskning. ISSN 1890-2936. 18. doi: 10.4220/Sykepleienf.2023.92297. Full text in Research Archive
• Grasaas, Erik; Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes; Haraldstad, Kristin; Helseth, Sølvi; Hagen, Milada & Skarstein, Siv [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Pain in Adolescence: Maternal and Paternal Factors Affecting Adolescents’ Pain in Norway—A Cross-Sectional Study. Children. 10(12). doi: 10.3390/children10121915. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: Pain in adolescence is considered a worldwide concern. Adolescents’ pain affects family functioning. However, bidirectional associations should be considered as parental determinates such as pain, stress, and sociodemographic factors are also shown to influence pain in adolescence. Objectives: This study explored the associations between maternal and paternal sociodemographic factors, pain, and stress and adolescents’ pain, and stress on adolescents’ pain. Methods: In total, 508 school-based Norwegian adolescents with a corresponding parent were included. All adolescents completed an electronic survey during school hours, and their respective parents responded electronically. The survey included sociodemographic data, the Perceived Stress Questionnaire, and the Brief Pain Inventory. Results: Herein, 385 adolescents reported an average pain of 2.1 (SD, 1.9), and 308 of the participating parents reported an average pain of 1.6 (SD, 1.8). Regressions stratified by parental gender revealed nonsignificant associations in fathers’ study variables predicting adolescents’ pain. However, having the highest maternal educational level (p ≤ 0.01) and working part-time (p ≤ 0.01) were associated with lower pain in adolescents. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrated that sociodemographic factors such as high educational status in mothers and mothers working part-time were associated with lower pain in Norwegian adolescents. These findings highlight the importance of a holistic approach to pain management in adolescence.

• Mølland, Eirin; Haraldstad, Kristin; Abildsnes, Eirik; Håland, Åshild Tellefsen; Köpp, Unni Mette Stamnes & Fegran, Liv [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Use of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in child and school health services among children aged 4 and 6 years in Southern Norway: clinical considerations. BMC Pediatrics. 23(30). doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-03837-1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Parent reported mental health can be assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Currently, Norwegian norms for parent-reported SDQ do not exist, whereas Swedish, Danish, and United Kingdom (UK) norms have been published. We aimed to (1) describe parent-reported SDQ among children aged 4 and 6 years in Southern Norway, (2) evaluate empirical cutoff values within the context of the Starting RightTM project in relation to the Swedish, Danish, and UK cutoffs, and (3) evaluate the representativeness of the study sample with regard to parental socioeconomic status. Methods This study included parent-reported observations for 665 children (63% consent rate). Means and standard deviations were calculated for the domains of SDQ, and gender differences were assessed. Based on the Swedish, Danish, and UK cutoffs and the 80th and 90th percentile cutoff values within the study, we calculated the total number of children with borderline and abnormal scores. Results Boys had higher mean total difficulties (7.3 vs 5.6) and impact scores (0.3 vs 0.1) and lower prosocial scores (8.3 vs 8.8) than girls. The differences in means were largest in the case of externalizing symptoms (5.0 vs 3.6) and hyperactivity subscore (3.2 vs 2.3). Using the UK cutoff values, 28 and 25 children had borderline and abnormal total difficulties scores, respectively. The corresponding numbers using the within study or Scandinavian cutoff values were 84–99 and 54–79, respectively. Overall, our study sample was well representative of the target population. Conclusions Our findings consistently indicated that girls had better SDQ scores than boys among children aged 4 and 6 years. Fewer children would be identified as having mental health difficulties using the UK cutoff values than using the Scandinavian age- and gender-relevant cutoff values.

• Abildsnes, Eirik; Paulsen, Sigurd & Gonzalez, Jose J (2023). Improving resilience against a pandemic: A novel technology for strategy development with practitioners and decision-makers. In Radianti, Jaziar; Dokas, Ioannis; LaLone, Nicolas & Khazanchi, Deepak (Ed.), 20th Global Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Conference (ISCRAM 2023). ISCRAM. ISSN 9798218217495. p. 964–974. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The project Systemic Pandemic Risk Management (SPRM), funded by the Research Council of Norway, has developed methods to assess and manage pandemic systemic risks. The project consortium includes an enterprise leading the project, public partners and research institutions in Norway, Sweden, and Italy. Kristiansand municipality, a partner in the SPRM project, adopted the project methods to assess and manage systemic risks. Based on a scenario about the potential spread patterns of the COVID-19 Omicron variant developed by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, staff from Kristiansand employed the SPRM project’s approach to facilitate systemic risk assessment and management workshops. Practitioners and decision-makers from the main hospital in the Agder county and several municipalities proposed risks, their causal consequences and identified practical and impactful mitigation strategies. The strategies were implemented at the county level. The approach can improve handling of systemic risk scenarios beyond pandemics.

• Grasaas, Erik; Rohde, Gudrun E.; Haraldstad, Kristin; Helseth, Sølvi; Småstuen, Milada Cvancarova & Skarstein, Siv [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Sleep duration in schooldays is associated with health-related quality of life in norwegian adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatrics. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-04306-5. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Insufficient sleep is commonly reported in adolescence and is negatively associated with a wide range of health outcomes. A way to grasp the complicated challenge of how sleep impact different aspects of the adolescents´ everyday life is by examining the relationship between sleep duration in schooldays and weekends on different health-related quality of life (HRQOL) subscales. Furthermore, to expand the understanding of possible underlying mechanisms between sleep and HRQOL, testing for self-efficacy as a possible mediator is of importance. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed among 696 adolescents aged 13–15 years from a schoolbased setting. All participants completed an electronic survey in their respective classrooms. The survey included demographic data, the School Sleep Habits Survey, the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire measuring HRQOL, and the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS Statistics software including PROCESS macro by Andrew Hayes. Results Our findings revealed overall similar sleep patterns in boys and girls including longer sleep duration in the study sample during weekends (10:09 h) than in schooldays (08:36 h). Regression analyses revealed that sleep duration in schooldays was positively and statistically associated with HRQOL subscales psychological well-being (95% CI [0.44 to 1.33]), autonomy and parents (95% CI [0.12 to 1.06]), school environment (95% CI [0.47 to 1.40]), and self-efficacy (95% CI [0.01 to 0.47]). Sleep duration in weekends revealed no associations with the HRQOL subscales, except for the HRQOL subscale psychological well-being (95% CI [0.09 to 0.85]). Mediation analyses revealed that sleep duration in schooldays explained most of the associations (64 −75%) in 4 out 5 HRQOL subscales, except in the association with the HRQOL subscale physical well-being revealing an indirect effect of 71.9%. Conclusions This cross-sectional study described sleep among Norwegian adolescents and demonstrated that sleep durations in weekends and schooldays impact HRQOL and self-efficacy, revealing overall better outcome in HRQOL and self-efficacy with sufficient sleep during schooldays. These findings support the regularity of sleep and highlight the importance of sufficient sleep during schooldays, especially in a school-based sample of adolescents.

• Fegran, Liv; Westergren, Per Christer Thomas; Hall, Elisabeth OC; Aagaard, Hanne & Ludvigsen, Mette Spliid (2023). Nurses’ and Doctors’ Experiences of Transferring Adolescents or Young Adults With Long-Term Health Conditions From Pediatric to Adult Care: A Metasynthesis. Global Qualitative Nursing Research. 10. doi: 10.1177/23333936231189568. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The transfer of adolescents and young adults (AYA) with long-term health conditions from pediatric to adult care is a multidisciplinary enterprise where nurses and doctors play an important role. This review aimed to identify and synthesize evidence from qualitative primary reports on how nurses and doctors experience the transfer of AYA aged 13 to 24 years with long-term health conditions to an adult hospital setting. We systematically searched seven electronic databases for reports published between January 2005 and November 2021 and reporting nurses’ and doctors’ experiences. We meta-summarized data from 13 reports derived from 11 studies published worldwide. Using qualitative content analysis, we metasynthesized nurses’ and doctors’ experiences into the theme “being boosters.” Boosting AYA’s transfer was characterized by supporting AYA’s and their parents’ changing roles, smoothening AYA’s transition from pediatric to adult care, and handling AYA’s encounters with a different care culture.

• Leite, Sarah Debora Camardella; Herkrath, Fernando José; Vettore, Mario Vianna; Rebelo, Maria Augusta Bessa; Queiroz, Adriana Corrêa de & Pereira, Juliana Vianna [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). The association between malocclusion and health-related quality of life in adolescents: A mediation analysis. European Journal of Oral Sciences. ISSN 0909-8836. doi: 10.1111/eos.12960. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This study investigated the role of oral health-related functional limitations and social well-being, self-perceived health, psychosocial factors, and social support in mediating the impact of malocclusion on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). A school-based 6-month cohort study was conducted with 376 12-year-old deprived adolescents. Measures at baseline included malocclusion (DAI score), dental caries, sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial traits (self-esteem, sense of coherence, oral health beliefs), and social support. The oral health-related functional limitations and symptoms (social well-being) domains of the CPQ11-14, self-perceived health, and HRQoL (Kiddo-KINDL) were evaluated at the 6-month follow-up. Associations between observed and latent variables (social support, psychosocial factors, and HRQoL) were evaluated using structural equation modelling, according to the Wilson and Cleary theoretical model. Malocclusion was indirectly associated with worse HRQoL, mediated by functional limitations, social well-being, and self-perceived health. Better psychosocial status was directly associated with better HRQoL, and higher social support was indirectly associated with better HRQoL via psychosocial factors. Dental caries experience, female sex, and lower family income were indirectly associated with worse HRQoL. The impact of malocclusion on HRQoL was mediated by oral health-related functional limitations, social well-being, and self-perceived health. Sociodemographic and psychosocial factors, and social support also impacted HRQoL.

• Rohde, Gudrun E.; Johannessen, Berit; Maaseide, Markus; Flateland, Sylvi Monika; Skisland, Anne Valen -Sendstad & Moi, Ellen Benestad [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Being a nursing student during the coronavirus pandemic: a mixed methods study. BMC Nursing. 22(1). doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01218-8. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to major changes in people’s lives via protective strategies aimed at limiting the transmission of COVID-19, including social distancing, lockdowns, cancelled or limited leisure activities and tutorials and supervision for students taking place digital. All of these changes may have influenced students’ health and quality of life. Aim To describe and explore fear of COVID-19 and psychological distress, as well as general health and quality of life, among baccalaureate nursing students at 1 year into the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Wanderås, Magnus; Abildsnes, Eirik; Thygesen, Elin & Martinez, Santiago (2023). Video consultation in general practice: a scoping review on use, experiences, and clinical decisions. BMC Health Services Research. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09309-7. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic forced healthcare workers to use alternative consultation approaches. In general practice, the use of video consultations (VCs) increased manyfold as countries were locked down. This scoping review aimed to summarize scientifc knowledge concerning the use of VC in general practice and focused on (1) the utilization of VC in general practice, (2) the experiences of the users of VC in general practice, and (3) how VC afected the clinical decision-making of general practitioners (GPs). Methods A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the methodology of Joanna Briggs Institute. Review questions were formulated to match each focus area. A three-step search strategy was employed to search scientifc and gray literature sources. MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, OpenGrey, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from 2010 to March 11th, 2021, and the search was re-run on August 18th, 2021. The extracted data were deductively coded into pre-defned main themes, whereas subthemes were inductively synthesized. The data within each subtheme were analysed through descriptive content analysis and presented in a narrative synthesis. Results Overall, 13 studies were included after screening 3,624 studies. Most patients were satisfed with VCs. VCs were most suitable for simpler issues, often shorter than face-to-face consultations, and were more likely to be used by younger patients. GPs enjoyed the fexibility and shorter duration of VCs; however, they felt an unsatisfactory deterioration in the GP-patient relationship. Despite the loss of clinical examination, diagnostic assessment was mostly successful, with little fear of missing serious illness. Prior clinical experience and a preexisting relationship with the patient were important factors for successful assessment via VC. Conclusions Both GPs and patients can be satisfed with VC in general practice in specifc contexts, and adequate clinical decision-making is possible. However, disadvantages such as a diminishing GP-patient relationship have been highlighted, and the use of VC in non-pandemic settings is limited. The role of VC in the future of general practice remains unclear, and further research is needed on the long-term adoption of VC in general practice.

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• Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes (2026). Foreldre mistar oversikta når tenåringen fyller 16 år. [Internet]. Universitetet i Agder, Forskning.no. doi: https:/www.forskning.no/barn-og-ungdom-foreldre-helse/foreldre-mistar-oversikta-nar-tenaringen-fyller-16-ar/2632885. Full text in Research Archive
• Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes (2026). Forsker bak ny studie: – Mange foreldre får et lite sjokk når barna fyller 16. [Journal]. Aftenposten, Bergens tidende, Fvn. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe & Haraldstad, Kristin (2026). Livskvalitet hos barn og unge. doi: https:/www.uia.no/om-uia/fakultet/helse-og-idrettsvitenskap/arrangementer/kurs-konferanse-seminar/26-09-livsforsk.html. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Innlegg på Livskforsk 2026 konferansen med tema "Livskvalitetsforskningens posisjon i 2026"

• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). FredagsPULS: Hvordan formidle forskning til folk? doi: https:/www.uia.no/intranett/arrangementer/kurs-konferanse-seminar/fredagspuls-hvordan-formidle-forskning-til-folk. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Panelsamtale om forskningsformidling

• Befus, Eva-Grethe; Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes; Senterpartiet, Kjersti Toppe, Stortingsrepresentant, Leder av helse- og omsorgskomiteen,; Bakken, Anders; KrF, Rune Andre Frustøl, Fylkesvaraordfører i Agder, & Berge, Siri Dalsmo [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2026). Smertestillende i skolesekken: Hva skjer med ungdoms helsevaner? doi: https:/www.arendalsuka.no/program/smertestillende-i-skolesekken-hva-skjer-med-ungdoms-helsevaner. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Bruken av smertestillende legemidler som Paracet og Ibux har økt blant ungdom de siste årene. Både forskere og helsepersonell er bekymret for at unge i større grad håndterer hverdagsplager gjennom medikamenter. Dette reiser viktige spørsmål om helsekompetanse, psykososiale belastninger, smerteforståelse og tilgjengeligheten av reseptfrie medikamenter. Forskere ved Universitetet i Agder og OsloMet inviterer til et åpent arrangement hvor vi løfter frem forskningsbasert kunnskap og legger til rette for en samtale om hva som skal til for å styrke ungdoms mestring og fremme trygg bruk av smertestillende medikamenter.

• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Doktorgrad som inkluderer barn og unges bruk av smertestillende. [Internet]. legemidlertilbarn.no. doi: https:/www.legemidlertilbarn.no/nyheter/doktorgrad-som-inkluderer-barn-og-unges-bruk-av-smertestillende. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Helse-relatert livskvalitet hos barn og unge fra et kulturelt perspektiv – screening av barn i en multi-etnisk kultur. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Forskerfokus, biblioteket, Universitetet i Agder

• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Urovekkende funn blant barn: - Må tas på alvor. [Internet]. nettavisen.no. doi: https:/www.nettavisen.no/nyheter/bruk-av-paracet-og-ibux-hos-barn-30-prosent-av-ungdommer-tar-smertestillende-ukentlig/s/5-95-2820506. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Urovekkende funn blant barn: - Må tas på alvor. [Internet]. nordlys.no. doi: https:/www.nordlys.no/nyheter/bruk-av-paracet-og-ibux-hos-barn-30-prosent-av-ungdommer-tar-smertestillende-ukentlig/s/5-95-2820506. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). 30 prosent av elever på videregående skole i Agder bruker Paracet ukentlig eller daglig. [Internet]. fvn.no. doi: https:/www.fvn.no/abito/i/431L9G/jeg-tok-paracet-nesten-hver-eneste-dag-for-aa-komme-meg-gjennom-skoledagen. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Intervju med ungdommer og fagpersoner om økt salg og bruk av Paracet.

• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Bekymringsfull bruk av smertestillende blant unge. doi: https:/www.fvn.no/mening/leder/i/q6WaA1/bekymringsfull-bruk-av-smertestillende-blant-unge. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). The role of school health services in adolescent wellness. [Internet]. news-medical.net. doi: https:/www.news-medical.net/news/20260130/The-role-of-school-health-services-in-adolescent-wellness.aspx. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Study: "Young people take Paracetamol and Ibuprofen for anxiety, depression, and physical pain. [Internet]. partner.sciencenorway.no. doi: https:/partner.sciencenorway.no/children-and-adolescents-health-medicine/study-young-people-take-paracetamol-and-ibuprofen-for-anxiety-depression-and-physical-pain/2611137. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Unge tar Paracet og Ibux for både angst, depresjon og fysiske smerter. [Internet]. TikTok. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). "Young people take Paracetamol and Ibuprofen for both anxiety, depression and physical pain". [Internet]. AlphaGalileo. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Studie: -Unge tar Paracet go Ibux både for angst, depresjon og fysiske smerter. [Internet]. Forskning.no. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Fleire et smertestillande: – Blir så stressa. [Internet]. nrk.no. Full text in Research Archive
• Haraldstad, Kristin; Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes & Befus, Eva-Grethe (2026). Smertestillende er blitt en del av hverdagen for ungdom. doi: https:/www.fvn.no/mening/kronikk/i/6qkoe8/smertestillende-er-blitt-en-del-av-hverdagen-for-ungdom. Full text in Research Archive
• Haraldstad, Kristin (2025). Godt Begynt- tidlig innsats for barn og unge i Agder. Full text in Research Archive
• Haraldstad, Kristin (2025). Godt Begynt 2018–2025: Fra idé til innsikt – hvor står vi nå? Full text in Research Archive
• Haraldstad, Kristin; Johannessen, Berit; Gallefoss, Lisbeth; Blørstad, Eyvor & Nygaard, Hanna Skjelbred (2025). Ikke kutt helsesykepleierne i videregående skole. Full text in Research Archive
• Haraldstad, Kristin (2025). Presentasjon av LIVSFORSK samarbeidsprosjekt -A systematic review of Quality of Life in medicine and health Sciences. Full text in Research Archive
• Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes; Blørstad, Eyvor & Nygaard, Hanna Skjelbred (2025). Nei, mamma kan ikke ringe legen for deg. doi: https:/www.fvn.no/mening/kronikk/i/63JJqo/nei-mamma-kan-ikke-ringe-legen-for-deg. Full text in Research Archive
• Rohde, Gudrun Elin; Haraldstad, Kristin; Hagen, Milada; Mikkelsen, Hilde E. Timenes; Skarstein, Siv & Helseth, Sølvi (2024). Health-related quality of life in parents of adolescents assessed over a four-years period (2019, 2121 and 2023). Full text in Research Archive
• Barken, Tina Lien; Mikkelsen, Hilde Elisabeth Timenes; Gallefoss, Lisbeth; Haraldstad, Kristin & Andreasen, Eva Mari (2024). Ungdom trenger trygge helseråd. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2023). Årlig Forsker Grand Prix Highlighter - Sørlandets Spennende Forskningstalenter. Full text in Research Archive
• Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås; Kiland, Charlotte & Abildsnes, Eirik (2023). Co-creation in Public Health Policy: Dealing with complexity. Full text in Research Archive
• Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås; Abildsnes, Eirik & Kiland, Charlotte (2023). Policy Development and Implementation in Public Health – Dealing with Complexity. Full text in Research Archive
• Erland, Kathrine; Mølland, Eirin & Lindtveit, Maria Cecilie (2023). Forelesning: "Nye mønstre" holdt av Maria Lindtveit og Kathrine Erland. Praksiserfaringer og forskningsresultater. Full text in Research Archive
• Lindtveit, Maria Cecilie; Erland, Kathrine & Mølland, Eirin (2023). Forelesning: "Nye mønstre" holdt av Maria Lindtveit og Kathrine Erland. Praksiserfaringer og forskningsresultater. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin; Abildsnes, Eirik & Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås (2023). Nye mønstre – hvordan organisere tjenester til familier med komplekse behov? Forebygging.no. doi: 10.21340/e7q5-qc87. Full text in Research Archive
• Kleppang, Annette Løvheim; Abildsnes, Eirik; Haraldstad, Kristin & Stea, Tonje Holte (2023). Changes in Health-Related Quality of Life and Sleep Habits after a 6-Month Non-Randomised Cluster-Controlled Trial among Children with Overweight or Obesity. Full text in Research Archive
• Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås & Mølland, Eirin (2023). Blir fanga i ei fattigdomsfelle. [Journal]. Klasssekampen. Full text in Research Archive
• Sjuls, Marianne (2023). Fathers experiences of having a child with a progressive life limiting disease without curative treatment options. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Presentation of Pediatric Palliative Care in Norway and findings from qualitative systematic review about fathers experiences of having a child with a progressive life limiting disease without curative treatment options.

• Haraldstad, Kristin (2023). Urovekkende om unge og smerte, -Et varsel om at noe ikke er bra. [Journal]. VG. Full text in Research Archive
• Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås; Mølland, Eirin & Abildsnes, Eirik (2023). Nye mønstre - Hvordan organisere tjenester til familier med komplekse behov? Forebygging.no. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin (2023). Nyhetsinnslag om forskningsresultater Nye mønstre. [TV]. NRK Sørlandet. Full text in Research Archive
• Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås & Mølland, Eirin (2023). Podcast:#05 Om barnefattigdom og nye mønstre. [Internet]. Fremtidens kommuner Podcast. Full text in Research Archive
• Gallefoss, Lisbeth & Øen, Kirsten Gudbjørg (2023). Helsesykepleiere driver utstrakt psykisk helsearbeid. Tidsskriftet sykepleien. ISSN 0806-7511. 2023;11191150):e-91150. doi: 10.4220/Sykepleiens.2023.91150. Full text in Research Archive
• Gallefoss, Lisbeth; Bråten, Gro & Tonstad, Inger Turid (2023). Vold og seksuelle overgrep er et folkehelseproblem. lokalavisen fedrelandsvennen. Full text in Research Archive
• Gallefoss, Lisbeth; Bråten, Gro & Tonstad, Inger Turid (2023). Dette er et stort folkehelseproblem. Agderposten. ISSN 0805-3723. Full text in Research Archive
• Robstad, Anja Nastasja; Haddeland, Kristine & Gallefoss, Lisbeth (2023). Presentasjon på Forskningstorv i forbindelse med Forskningsdagene 2023. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin (2023). Nye Mønstre. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin (2023). Fattig i velferdsstaten Norge: Resultater fra Nye mønstre prosjektet. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin (2023). Det minner oss om hvem vi er her for - en kvalitativ studie av familiekoordinatorerers erfaring med bruk av kartleggingsverktøy. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin (2023). Nye Mønstre - Familiekoordinator samling. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin; Abildsnes, Eirik & Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås (2023). New Patterns for Low-income Families - A model for comprehensive and coordinated efforts. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin (2023). Flere fattige familier mottar mange stønader. [Journal]. Fædrelandsvennen. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin; Bøe, Tormod; Ask, Torunn Alise; Lundberg, Kjetil; Danielsen, Hilde & Abildsnes, Eirik [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). Spør en forsker! Presentasjon og drøfting av funn av fra forskningsprosjektet Nye mønstre på familiekoordinator-samling. Full text in Research Archive
• Vigsnes, Kristine Løkås & Abildsnes, Eirik (2023). Presentasjon av Nye mønstre på rapportlansering: "Rapid review of inequalities in health and wellbeing in Norway since 2014". Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2023). Livskvalitet og psykisk helse hos 6-åringer i Agder. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin (2023). Familier holdes i vedvarende fattigdom. [Journal]. Fædrelandsvennen. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin (2023). Ny metode for å hjelpe fattige familier viser oppløftende svar. [Internet]. NRK Sørlandet. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2023). The use of youth healthcare services and its association with health-related quality of life, physical and mental health and over-the-counter medication use in 13–19-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Full text in Research Archive
• Mølland, Eirin (2023). Hjelp mennesker å hjelpe seg selv. [Journal]. Fædrelandsvennen. Full text in Research Archive
• Befus, Eva-Grethe (2023). Quality of life and mental health in children and adolescents, Starting Right. Full text in Research Archive
• Haraldstad, Kristin (2023). Generic patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): conditions for use and usefulness in randomized controlled trials. A systematic review. Full text in Research Archive
• Haraldstad, Kristin (2023). A systematic review of quality of life research in medicine and health sciences. Full text in Research Archive
• Johannessen, Berit; Gundersen, Ellen Dahl; Kalhovd, Malin & Seljås, Cathrine T (2023). Støttende ledere og brukervennlige systemer kan bidra til at sykepleiere melder avvik. Sykepleien. ISSN 0039-7628. Full text in Research Archive
• Johannessen, Berit & Hovland, Olav Johannes (2023). kulturell kompetanse. Full text in Research Archive

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