Margunn Aanestad

• Haugom, Lars; Aanestad, Margunn; Puyvelde, Damien Van & Stenslie, Stig (2025). The journey of digital transformation in intelligence organizations. Intelligence and national security. ISSN 0268-4527. 40(6), p. 965–977. doi: 10.1080/02684527.2025.2565943. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This introduction to the special issue explores how digital technologies are reshaping intelligence organizations. It frames digital transformation not as a linear process but as a complex journey shaped by technological, organizational, and institutional factors. Drawing on interdisciplinary perspectives and contributions from multiple national contexts, the issue investigates how intelligence agencies handle the disruptive potential of digital tools, from big data to artificial intelligence, and navigate the tension between innovation and institutional inertia. It highlights the need for strategic adaptation, public-private collaboration, and human-machine integration while stressing the enduring importance of core intelligence principles. Through empirical analysis and critical reflection from researchers and practitioners, this issue offers a nuanced account of how intelligence services evolve amid rapid technological change.

• Aanestad, Margunn; Hanseth, Ole; Monteiro, Eric; Niemimaa, Marko Ilmari & Ribes, David (2024). From Methodological Symmetry to Gaia: Latour’s Legacy and Untapped Potential for IS Research. Journal of the AIS. 25(2), p. 182–195. doi: 10.17705/1jais.00881. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  A defining concern for information systems (IS) is how to theorize its primary object of study, the digital artifact. Historically, approaches in IS have oscillated between technological determinist and social determinist ones. Bruno Latour’s works contributed to recalibrating a more symmetrical treatment of the two, and he played a distinctive role in stimulating the evolution of empirically committed, process-oriented theorizing in the IS field. We commemorate Latour’s work by revisiting his early influence on IS research and discuss some of the direct and indirect influences on contemporary IS, such as infrastructure studies and sociomateriality. With the interest in agentic technologies via AI, Latour’s perspectives on technological agency are more relevant than ever. In addition, we explore ideas that are relevant to IS but have yet to be taken up, thus representing untapped theoretical and methodological potential for future IS research—for example, approaching data as circulating reference or how his work could contribute to sustainability discussions in IS.

• Schneider, Alice Frantz; Aanestad, Margunn & Carvalho, Tereza Cristina (2024). Exploring barriers in the transition toward an established e-waste management system in Brazil: a multiple-case study of the formal sector. Environment, Development and Sustainability. ISSN 1387-585X. doi: 10.1007/s10668-024-05188-y. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Brazil is the largest generator of electrical and electronic waste (e-waste) in Latin America but faces significant challenges with its management. This study investigates barriers to the growth of the formal sector in transitioning toward an established e-waste management system in the country. Driven by sustainability transitions research, it applies a transition management approach to e-waste management. The study presents the results of field studies conducted in four organizations with different levels of recycling operations. The results show several barriers, for instance, a lack of processes for the complete separation of metals, high reverse logistics cost, a lack of transparency throughout the supply chains, concern with data security, and a lack of financial incentives and policy integration. The study highlights various initiatives from the organizations that assist in tackling some of the identified barriers and shed light on possible transition pathways. The study provides a perspective from e-waste management organizations and policy insights to strengthen e-waste management in the country.

• Aanestad, Margunn (2024). Workplace Datafication that Serves the Workers. Scandinavian Journal of Information Systems (SJIS). ISSN 0905-0167. 36(2), p. 325–332. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this response to Nyman et al. (2024), I argue that workplace datafication is an important topic where trade unions can be a central actor. Not just “bossware” made for surveillance of workers, but also ordinary information systems generate data, which it is important that are used responsibly. While I think trade unions can draw inspiration from the Scandinavian tradition, I also argue that we need to adjust the frames and vocabulary. While the conflict between labour and capital is still present, there are also a broader set of tensions between human welfare agendas and what we may call “techno-rational” or “techno-economic” agendas. I end with recommending that researchers seek to collaborate with trade unions on data-driven labour organizing to build awareness on both the potential for misuse of data as well as for ‘data innovations’ that can support them in their work.

• Aanestad, Margunn (2023). Digital Degrowth – Beyond Solutionism. In Jones, Matthew (Eds.), After Latour: Globalisation, Inequity and Climate Change. Springer Nature. ISSN 9783031501531. p. 55–60. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-50154-8_6. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper argues that environmental sustainability should become a primary goal in IS research. Often, we tend to propose digital technology as a solution that contribute to environmental sustainability. Less frequently we recognize that the energy and material resource flows associated with ICTs in themselves have environmental impacts. The tendency to consider digital technology a solution instead of a challenge is one-sided and tend to drive growth in digital technologies. This is reinforced by the “green growth” discourse which exhibits a continued and unrealistic reliance on economic growth. Alternative paradigms under the larger “postgrowth” umbrella articulates other priorities, including degrowth and sufficiency-oriented approaches. In this Research-in-Progress paper I review some approaches, such as computing within limits, collapse informatics, permacomputing and debates about judicious digital design and frugal innovations, as a starting point for articulating implications and possible directions for how the IS field could engage with a degrowth agenda.

• Paparova, Dragana; Aanestad, Margunn; Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni & Bahus, Marianne (2023). Data governance spaces: The case of a national digital service for personal health data. Information and organization. ISSN 1471-7727. 33(1). doi: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100451. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper investigates data governance empirically by conducting a retrospective study of the ten-year evolution of a national digital service for personal health data in Norway. We show how data governance unfolds over time as data become shared and itinerant across multiple actors. Building on our findings, we introduce the concept of data governance spaces to refer to the authorized relationships among multiple actors, which specify the boundaries of decision-making authority, rights, roles, and responsibilities around data processing. We contribute to the literature on data governance by distinguishing between a) authority multiplication, where data are handed over to other actors to serve diverse purposes triggering horizontal dynamics, and b) actor subordination, where authorities delegate data handling for uniform purposes triggering vertical dynamics. Overall, the paper extends prior research by showing how data governance unfolds beyond intra-, or inter-organizational boundaries and shifts attention to data’s pivotal role, and the purposes for which data are collected, shared or used across multiple actors

• Aanestad, Margunn; Haatvedt, Jens-Christian & Alstadsæter, Annette (2022). Implementing a Data Infrastructure to Enable Business Analytics in the Public Sector: a Case Study. NIKT: Norsk IKT-konferanse for forskning og utdanning. ISSN 1892-0713. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper describes the initial stages of the process of implementing the data infrastructure required to develop analytics capabilities in a public sector organization. Helfo (the Norwegian Health Economics Administration) is responsible for making payments to healthcare actors who submit reimbursement claims. An important task for Helfo is also to prevent and detect errors, and the organization is currently strengthening this capacity though employing data analytics and ar-tificial intelligence. Implementing data analytics entails more than a “plug-and-play” process, and we analyze the initial stages of the implementation process as a sociotechnical change process. As a starting point we employ the CRISP-DM process model and enrich this with additional steps and tasks that was found to be central in the case. We describe in more detail the preparatory work relating to the technical setup and data infrastructures, and the implications for the information processing routines of the organization more broadly. The case study shows that also the early-phase improvements in data access and utilizing basic analytics capabilities yielded instant benefits to the organization, even before employing advanced analytics and artificial intelligence. The rich description of the early stages of the implementation process can be valuable for other public sector organizations that seek to build data analytic capabilities.

• Agudelo-Londoño, Sandra; Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni & Aanestad, Margunn (2022). MiPrescription as the information infrastructure backbone in the Colombian healthcare system. International Journal of Electronic Healthcare. ISSN 1741-8453. 12(2), p. 126–138. doi: 10.1504/IJEH.2022.122085. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Implementing national public healthcare information infrastructures are often challenging, this is even more so in the global south. In this paper we offer an analysis of a successful development and introduction of a national healthcare information system. The MIPRES was developed by the Colombian Ministry of Health as a web application for the prescription of high-cost technologies (drugs and devices), but over time grew to become the backbone of a renewed digital healthcare information infrastructure. Through a qualitative empirical study, informed by information infrastructure theory, we document the emergence and evolution of MIPRES and analyse both the contextual conditions and strategic choices that led to its success.

• Magutshwa, Sindisiwe; Aanestad, Margunn & Hausvik, Geir Inge (2022). Beyond Crisis Response: Leveraging Sociotechnical Transformability. In Fischer, Louise Dorthea Harder; Nørbjerg, Jacob & Pries-Heje, Jan (Ed.), Proceedings of the 13th Scandinavian Conference on Information Systems. Association for Information Systems (AIS). ISSN 9788779490000. p. 1–17. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  We investigate the organizational capacities required to leverage digital infrastructures both (1) in re-sponse to crisis and external threats, and (2) in realizing the transformative potential associated with the digital infrastructures. Thus, our research question is: What is required for organizations to be able to transform in the face of disruptions and breakdowns? We report from an empirical study of a digital infrastructure innovation process in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which involved extensions and novel development of both the technology and the former service model. While the literature on organizational resilience offers us a conceptual framework to identify organizational capabilities, we lean on literature that foregrounds transformability as a crucial aspect of resilience. We discuss organ-izational capacities which are considered vital in realizing the potential for transformative crisis learn-ing in sociotechnical systems that builds adaptive capacity and influences the enactment of future or-ganisational routines.

• Wilson, Louise; Aanestad, Margunn & McDonald, Joe (2021). Addressing collective action dilemmas in the sharing of personal health data: Goldilocks and the installed base. Reports of the European Society for Socially Embedded Technologies. 5(4). doi: 10.18420/ihc2021_002. Full text in Research Archive
• Matzner, Martin; Pauli, Tobias; Marx, Emanuel; Anke, Jürgen; Poeppelbuss, Jens & Fielt, Erwin [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2021). Transitioning to Platform-based Services and Business Models in a B2B Environment. Journal of Service Management Research (SMR). ISSN 2511-8676. 5(3), p. 143–162. doi: 10.15358/2511-8676-2021-3-143. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Given the considerable success of companies such as Apple, Amazon or Airbnb, the term platform is on everyone’s lips today. Accordingly, platforms have long since also found their way into service science. However, mastering the transition from established product-sales-based offerings to platform-based services and business models comes with a multitude of challenges. In a B2B context, incumbent companies need to carefully evaluate how they can benefit from the establishment of platforms, especially in light of the effects on their existing business models and ties to other actors. Hence, we invited scholars with different backgrounds to provide viewpoints on the opportunities and challenges of the transition to platform-based services and business models in a B2B environment. The individual commentaries provide various insights on how to conduct this transition and benefit from it successfully. To do so, they contrast different approaches for establishing and governing ecosystems around platforms, discuss B2B-specific pitfalls and opportunities of platform business models, uncover the supporting role of platforms for smart service development, and stress the importance of platform and ecosystem thinking as a necessary mindset.

• Svendsrud, Daniel Stedjan; Hydle, Katja Maria & Aanestad, Margunn (2021). Orchestration in Practice: A Case in Asset Intensive Industry. IRIS Selected Papers of the Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia. ISSN 1891-9863. 12. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Hanseth, Ole; Aanestad, Margunn & Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Digital Transformation through Collaborative Platformization: A Study of Incumbent-Entrepreneur Relations. Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). ISSN 1530-1605. p. 5831–5840. doi: 10.24251/HICSS.2021.707. Full text in Research Archive
• Paparova, Dragana & Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Governing Innovation in E-Health Platform Ecosystems – Key Concepts and Future Directions. In Aaen, Jon & Hochwarter, Stefan (Ed.), Selected Papers of the IRIS, Issue Nr 11. Association for Information Systems (AIS). Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper conceptualizes knowledge in the IS literature on governing innovation in platform ecosystems using boundary resources. Platform innovation arises when platform owners realize the need to expand the functionalities and invite external actors with specialized knowledge to do so. We conduct a literature review to identify the relevant concepts on governing innovation in platform ecosystems in IS and adapt them to the specific settings of the eHealth context. As most relevant concepts, we identify: 1) boundary resources as governance mechanisms: openness vs. control; 2) co-creating platform innovation across heterogeneous actors: accommodation vs. resistance; and 3) platform innovation within the underlying architecture: stability vs. flexibility. We then derive areas that should be prone to further research in eHealth, defined as: 1) patient data as a resource for eHealth platform innovation; 2) the role of institutions in eHealth platform innovation; and 3) innovating within platform-oriented eHealth information infrastructures. This paper contributes by expanding the understanding of the current state of knowledge in IS on governing innovation in platform ecosystems and provides basis for further research adapted to the eHealth context settings.

• Kempton, Alexander Moltubakk; Brænden, Kristin; Grisot, Miria & Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Infrastructural Tuning in Public-Private Partnerships. In Newell, Sue; Pouloudi, Nancy & Heck, Eric van (Ed.), Proceedings of the 28th European Conferenceon Information Systems (ECIS), Marrakech, Morocco/Online, 15 - 17 June 2020. Association for Information Systems (AIS). ISSN 9781733632515. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this paper, we study a public-private digital infrastructure to understand the dynamics of its emergence. We explore the interrelation of architectural and governance aspects of the infrastructure, through a longitudinal, embedded case study of the Norwegian Welfare Technology project. We introduce the concept of infrastructural tuning to conceptualize a dynamic of resistance and accommodation over time between the infrastructure’s architecture and implementation and multiple actors’ interests, policy goals and emerging opportunities and challenges. Our study makes three contributions: first, based on the analysis of our case study we provide an understanding of how the architecture of a digital infrastructure can accommodate divergent perspectives and strategies in public-private partnerships; second, we provide a process perspective on digital transformation of the public sector by analyzing the tuning process of the architecture-governance interplay; third, we develop the concept of infrastructural tuning.

• Grønsund, Tor Rolfsen & Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Augmenting the algorithm: Emerging human-in-the-loop work configurations. Journal of strategic information systems. ISSN 0963-8687. 29(2). doi: 10.1016/j.jsis.2020.101614. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  How do configurations of humans and algorithms evolve as firms adopt artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities, and what are the implications for work and organization? We explored these questions through a two-year long case study of an organization in the international maritime trade that introduced automated algorithmic support for data analysis and prediction work. Drawing on a human–machine configuration perspective, we found that humans and the algorithm were configured and reconfigured in multiple ways over time as the organization dealt with the introduction of algorithmic analysis. In contrast to replacing human work, the emergent configurations required new roles and redistribution of extant expertise to augment and improve the accuracy of the algorithm. Our analysis suggests that the new configuration resembled a human-in-the-loop pattern, comprised of both the augmentation work of auditing (i.e. the generation of a ground truth and assessment of the algorithmic output against this) as well as the work of altering the algorithm and the data acquisition architecture. Our research points to the strategic importance of a human-in-the-loop pattern for organizational reflexivity to ensure that the performance of the algorithm meets the organization’s requirements and changes in the environment.

• Aanestad, Margunn & Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni (2019). Innovation Readiness in Healthcare Information Infrastructures: Key Resources to Enable Collaborative Digital Innovation. In Granja, Conceição & Solvoll, Terje (Ed.), Proceedings of the 17th Scandinavian Conference on Health Informatics 2019. Linköping University Electronic Press. ISSN 9789179299576. p. 61–66. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper describes key requirements for digital innovation readiness in the public healthcare sector. Collaborative innovation models, where internal and external innovators contribute their ideas and solutions put certain requirements to the organization and ICT infrastructure of health organizations. To explore these requirements, we conducted an empirical case study of a collaborative digital innovation project from its concept stage towards implementation. Our study identifies key technical and organizational resources needed to facilitate innovation, and it therefore has implications for what resources and capabilities need to become part of the healthcare information infrastructure to enable collaborative digital innovation.

• Sahay, Sundeep; Nielsen, Petter & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Institutionalizing Information Systems for Universal Health Coverage in Primary Health Care and the Need for New Forms of Institutional Work. Communications of the Association for Information Systems. 44(1), p. 62–80. doi: 10.17705/1CAIS.04403. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Today, many countries around the world focus on ensuring that all people can access health services of sufficient quality without experiencing financial hardship (i.e., universal health coverage). To measure progress towards this goal, countries need to build robust health information systems. Because countries need to root universal health coverage in primary healthcare, they also needs to sensitively anchor health information systems that support universal health coverage in existing routine health information systems. However, doing so involves significant challenges, which we study via empirically analyzing an Indian state's effort to implement a universal health coverage health information system in primary healthcare. Using a theoretical lens informed by institutional theory, we seek to answer the question: “What is required to develop institutions that support the use of new technologies and associated work processes that universal health coverage entails?”. We identify the contradictions that emerge when new systems clash with existing ones, and we discuss what implications such contradictions have in terms of system design, work processes, and institutions. We contribute to the literature by explaining inherent complexities in universal health coverage health information system design and implementation and providing system design guidelines.

• Aune, Gunnbjørg & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Oppfølging fra spesialisthelsetjenesten hjemme hos pasienten: muligheter og utfordringer ved bruk av videokonferanse. In Moser, Ingunn Brita (Eds.), Velferdsteknologi: en ressursbok. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISSN 9788202536480. p. 69–84. Full text in Research Archive
• Grisot, Miria; Kempton, Alexander Moltubakk; Hagen, Laila Garberg & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Data-work for personalized care: Examining nurses’ practices in remote monitoring of chronic patients. Health Informatics Journal. ISSN 1460-4582. 25(3), p. 608–616. doi: 10.1177/1460458219833110. Full text in Research Archive
• Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Grisot, Miria & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Between Personal and Common: the Design of Hybrid Information Spaces. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW). ISSN 0925-9724. 28(6), p. 1011–1038. doi: 10.1007/s10606-017-9304-y. Full text in Research Archive
• Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Grisot, Miria & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Friction forces and patient-centredness: Understanding how established logics endure during infrastructure transformation. Health Informatics Journal. ISSN 1460-4582. 25(2), p. 361–371. doi: 10.1177/1460458217712053. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  n this article, we examine three cases of e-health solutions for patients in Norway. For the analysis of the three cases, we focused on friction forces that come into play when different established arrangements need to change to accommodate novelty. We argue that the design of new technologies was shaped by friction related to institutionalised practices, regulatory regimes and entrenched patient roles. These friction forces connect the past with the present, come into action when aiming for novelty and result to the perpetuation of constituents of the past during change processes. Specifically, the e-health solutions under study were strongly influenced by established healthcare provision logics. All three initiatives expanded the healthcare information infrastructure towards the patients with as little disruption to established arrangements as possible.

• Moe, Carl Erik; Thygesen, Elin & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Dilemmas in Scaling up Telemedical Services. Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings. ISSN 1650-3686. 17, p. 56–60. Full text in Research Archive
• Agudelo-Londoño, Sandra; Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). “MIPRES grew like a snowball and took us with it”: Evolution of a health information infrastructure. Reports of the European Society for Socially Embedded Technologies. doi: 10.18420/ihc2019_017. Full text in Research Archive
• Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Øvrelid, Egil & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Expanding hospital infrastructures: boundary resources for peripheral actors. Reports of the European Society for Socially Embedded Technologies. doi: 10.18420/ihc2019_011. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn; Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni & Øvrelid, Egil (2019). Collaborative Innovation in Healthcare: Boundary Resources for Peripheral Actors, Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems - Information Systems - the Heart of Innovation Ecosystems, ICIS 2019. Association for Information Systems (AIS). ISSN 9780996683197. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Realizing the potential of digital technologies in hospital care requires collaborative innovation among multiple actors both within and beyond hospitals. Our research investigates the question: what does it take to foster collaborative innovation within a traditionally siloed and closed health information infrastructure? Empirical findings are derived from three cases, which we analyze by focusing on how innovation relates to interfaces with hospitals’ information infrastructures. We draw on literature on digital platforms and innovation ecosystems and focus on the notion of boundary resources to characterize these innovation interfaces. While this notion has mainly addressed the concerns of platform owners for ‘securing’ and ‘resourcing’ their platforms, our analysis also points to resources related to peripheral actors’ needs, specifically ‘discovering’ and ‘vesting’ resources. Discovering resources assist innovators in making sense of possibilities and limitations, while vesting resources relate to value appropriation. These resources are crucial for collaborative innovation in existing hospital information infrastructures.

• Pols, Jeannette; Willems, Dick & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Making sense with numbers. Unravelling ethico-psychological subjects in practices of self-quantification. Sociology of Health and Illness. ISSN 0141-9889. 41(1), p. 98–115. doi: 10.1111/1467-9566.12894. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Prevention enthusiasts show great optimism about the potential of health apps to modify peoples’ lifestyles through the tracking and quantification of behaviours and bodily signs. Critical sociologists warn for the disciplining effects of self-tracking. In this paper we use an empirical ethics approach to study the characteristics and strivings of the various types of ‘ethico-psychological subjects’ that emerge in practices of self-quantification by analysing how people and numbers relate in three cases of self-quantification: in prevention discourse, in testimonies from the quantified self (QS) movement and in empirical work we did with people with Diabetes type I and with ‘every day self-trackers’. We show that a free subject that needs support to enact its will is crucial to understand the optimism about prevention. In the QS-movement the concern is with a lack of objective and personalised knowledge about imperceptible processes in the body. These subjects are decentered and multiplied when we trace how numbers in their turn act to make sense of people in our empirical study. We conclude that there are many different types of ethicopsychological subjects in practices of self-tracking that need to be explored in order to establish what good these practices of self-quantification might do.

• Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Communal data work: Data sharing and re-use in clinical genetics. Health Informatics Journal. ISSN 1460-4582. 25(3), p. 511–525. doi: 10.1177/1460458219833117. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this article, we examine work with communal data in the context of clinical genetic testing. Drawing from prior research on digital research infrastructures and from the analysis of our empirical data on genetic testing, we describe how data generated in laboratories distributed all over the world are shared and re-used. Our research findings point to six different human-driven activities related to expanding, disambiguating, sanitizing and assessing the relevance, validity and combinability of data. We contribute to research within Health Informatics with a framework that foregrounds human-driven activities for data interoperability.

• Askedal, Kirsti; Flak, Leif Skiftenes & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Five Challenges for Benefits Management in Complex Digitalisation Efforts – and a Research Agenda to Address Current Shortcomings. Electronic Journal of e-Government (EJEG). 17(2), p. 64–78. doi: 10.34190/EJEG.17.2.001. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Over the past decades a number of benefits realisation (BR) frameworks have been developed. The benefits management model (BMM) is considered to be the most widely adopted and is often seen as a reference for good practice in digitalisation efforts in single organisations. However, this literature provides little support for complex, inter‑organisational efforts. This is problematic, considering that digitalisation increasingly involves multiple organisations. To explore this gap, we studied the phenomenon in a Norwegian inter‑organisational eHealth effort. Based on a qualitative study involving 50 interviews, observations and document analyses, we identify five distinct challenges and suggest a research agenda with five propositions for benefits management in complex digitalisation settings that can be further explored and tested by other researchers. The challenges and propositions constitute novel insights into a poorly understood area and contain implications and directions that can benefit both researchers and practitioners working in similar contexts.

• Grisot, Miria; Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni & Aanestad, Margunn (2018). Dealing with Tensions in Technology Enabled Healthcare Innovation: Two Cases from the Norwegian Healthcare Sector. In Hoholm, Thomas; Rocca, Antonella La & Aanestad, Margunn (Ed.), Controversies in Healthcare Innovation. Service, Technology and Organization. Palgrave Macmillan. ISSN 9781137557797. p. 109–132. doi: 10.1057/978-1-137-55780-3_5. Full text in Research Archive
• Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Pesaljevic, Aleksandra & Aanestad, Margunn (2018). Polycentric governance of interorganizational systems: managerial and architectural arrangements. In Bednar, P; Frank, Ulrich & Kautz, Karlheinz (Ed.), European Conference on Information Systems: Beyond Digitization - Facets of Socio-Technical Change ECIS 2018 Proceedings. Association for Information Systems (AIS). ISSN 9781861376671. Full text in Research Archive
• Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Skorve, Espen & Aanestad, Margunn (2018). Enabling openness of valuable information resources: Curbing data subtractability and exclusion. Information Systems Journal. ISSN 1350-1917. 29(4), p. 768–786. doi: 10.1111/isj.12191. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this paper we investigate how data openness can be made possible in communal settings. We adopt a utility perspective that foregrounds the use value of data, conceptualizing them as “goods.” On the basis of this conceptualization we explore 2 key goods' attributes: subtractability and exclusion. Our theoretical basis is built upon concepts from the theory of the commons, power theorizing, and notions related to data and information. Empirically, we investigate openness in the genetics domain through a longitudinal study of the evolving communal infrastructure for data related to 2 genes influencing women's susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer (BRCA1 and BRCA2). We follow the continuously shifting “topology” of the BRCA information infrastructure and trace the multiple repositories that are put in place and the different arrangements for data collection, curation/quality assurance, access, and control that are tried out. In our analysis, we illustrate the actors' strategies for curbing the subtractability and exclusion attributes of data. We then propose a theoretically informed and empirically grounded framework that can guide understanding and action taking to enable data openness.

• Grisot, Miria; Kempton, Alexander Moltubakk; Hagen, Laila Garberg & Aanestad, Margunn (2018). Supporting patient self-care: Examining nurses' practices in a remote care setting. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. ISSN 0926-9630. 247, p. 601–605. doi: 10.3233/978-1-61499-852-5-601. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn; Mähring, Magnus; Østerlund, Carsten; Riemer, Kai & Schultze, Ulrike (2018). Living with Monsters? IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. ISSN 1868-4238. 543, p. 3–12. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-04091-8_1. Full text in Research Archive
• Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Pesaljevic, Aleksandra; Marmaras, Nicolas & Aanestad, Margunn (2017). Collective action in national e-health initiatives: Findings from a cross-analysis of the Norwegian and Greek e-prescription initiatives. Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings. ISSN 1650-3686. 145, p. 36–42. Full text in Research Archive
• Skorve, Espen; Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Aanestad, Margunn & Grunfeld, Thomas Berthold (2017). A Lens for Evaluating Genetic Information Governance Models: Balancing Equity, Efficiency and Sustainability. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. ISSN 0926-9630. 235, p. 298–302. doi: 10.3233/978-1-61499-753-5-298. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper draws from the literature on collective action and the governance of the commons to address the governance of genetic data on variants of specific genes. Specifically, the data arrangements under study relate to the BRCA genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) which are linked to breast and ovarian cancer. These data are stored in global genetic data repositories and accessed by researchers and clinicians, from both public and private institutions. The current BRCA data arrangements are fragmented and politicized as there are multiple tensions around data ownership and sharing. Three key principles are proposed for forming and evaluating data governance arrangements in the field. These principles are: equity, efficiency and sustainability.

• Roland, Lars Kristian; Sanner, Terje Aksel & Aanestad, Margunn (2017). Flexibility in EHR ecosystems: five integration strategies and their trade-offs. NOKOBIT: Norsk konferanse for organisasjoners bruk av informasjonsteknologi. ISSN 1892-0748. 25(1). Full text in Research Archive

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• Winthereik, Brit Ross; Aanestad, Margunn & Mäkitalo, Åsa (2024). Digital Inclusion. DJØF Forlag. ISBN 9788757455250. Full text in Research Archive
• Hoholm, Thomas; Rocca, Antonella La & Aanestad, Margunn (2018). Controversies in Healthcare Innovation. Service, Technology and Organization. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137557797. 381 p. Full text in Research Archive
• Schultze, Ulrike; Aanestad, Margunn; Mähring, Magnus; Østerlund, Carsten & Riemer, Kai (2018). Living with Monsters? Social Implications of Algorithmic Phenomena, Hybrid Agency, and the Performativity of Technology. IS&O 2018. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol 543. Springer, Cham. Springer. ISBN 9783030040901. 203 p. Full text in Research Archive

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• Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni; Aanestad, Margunn; Ben­feldt, Olivia & Honigsberg, Sarah (2025). Panel Discussion: Information Systems Research and AI: A Time to Rethink Our Role. Full text in Research Archive
• Alstadsæter, Annette; Aanestad, Margunn & Chinchilla, Hector Enoc Ulloa (2025). Fra visjon til virkelighet: Hvordan offentlig sektor kan utnytte egne data bedre. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Offentlig sektor har et økende behov for å bruke data mer effektivt til analyse, kunstig intelligens (KI) og tjenesteutvikling. Samtidig møter aktørene juridiske og organisatoriske barrierer, særlig knyttet til bruk av data. For å realisere potensialet i offentlig sektors data må juridiske rammer og teknologiske løsninger avklares, samtidig som balansen mellom personvern og effektiv bruk av data ivaretas. For å adressere disse utfordringene arrangerte Skatteforsk – Centre for Tax Research ved NMBU sammen med forskere fra UiO, UiA, og NTNU i 2024 en workshop-serie med representanter fra Skatteetaten, NAV, Kripos, Helsedirektoratet, Helfo og Datatilsynet. Målet var å kartlegge sentrale utfordringer, dele erfaringer og identifisere løsninger for mer effektiv og ansvarlig bruk av data i offentlig sektor. Diskusjonene avdekket flere felles barrierer, som juridisk usikkerhet knyttet til GDPR, taushetsplikt og hjemler for KI-utvikling, at ulike etater jobber med de samme utfordringene hver for seg uten felles retningslinjer, samt mangelfull intern organisering av data som hindrer analyse og deling. Erfaringene fra workshopene viser at bedre utnyttelse av data i offentlig sektor krever både teknologiske løsninger, juridiske avklaringer og en kultur for aktiv utforskning av handlingsrommet. Det vil også være nyttig med økt deling og samarbeid på tvers av aktører. For å styrke databruken i offentlig sektor, oppsummerer vi innsiktene fra disse workshopene som fire konkrete anbefalinger til Digitaliseringsministeren.

• Aanestad, Margunn (2025). Hva er barrierene for økt databruk og -deling. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2025). Offentlig sektors bruk av egen data. Full text in Research Archive
• Alstadsæter, Annette & Aanestad, Margunn (2025). Slakter statens bruk av egne data: - Gavepakke til økonomisk kriminalitet. [Journal]. Dagens Næringsliv. doi: https:/www.dn.no/kriminalitet/slakter-statens-bruk-av-egne-data-gavepakke-til-okonomisk-kriminalitet/2-1-1795996?abtest=a. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn; Ulloa, Hector & Alstadsæter, Annette (2025). Fire grep for at offentlig sektor kan bruke egne data og lykkes med KI. Stat & Styring. ISSN 0803-0103. 35(2), p. 29–34. doi: 10.18261/stat.35.2.6. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Det er økende fokus på å effektivisere offentlig sektor gjennom økt bruk av data, datadrevet innovasjon og kunstig intelligens. Imidlertid støter organisasjonene ofte på juridiske, organisatoriske og tekniske barrierer når de forsøker å bruke data på nye måter. Basert på innspill fra ansatte i flere offentlige organisasjoner anbefaler vi fire konkrete tiltak: styrket informasjonsforvaltning, tettere samarbeid mellom jurister og teknologer, mer aktiv risikohåndtering og tydeligere nasjonale avklaringer for teknologijus.

• Aanestad, Margunn; Hanseth, Ole; Ulfsten, Andreas & Pershina, Raissa (2024). Infrastructures for sustainability transition of shipping and the maritime industry. Full text in Research Archive
• Nerland, Monika; Hasu, Mervi; Grisot, Miria; Aanestad, Margunn; Mäkitalo, Åsa & Saari, Eveliina (2024). Which challenges do digitalisation processes present to healthcare workers? ​ ​Implications for professional expertise, identities and competencies from digital innovation initiatives. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Symposium comprising three presentations from the project CORPUS: 1) Shifting demands to professional expertise and opportunities for learning in everyday care work ​ (Monika Nerland & Åsa Mäkitalo);​ ​ 2) From care practitioners to back-office service integrators: frontline care workers’ identity formation in digital platform-based care management practice ​ (Mervi Hasu & Eveliina Saari);​ ​ 3) Infrastructural work: competencies required for health workers’ participation in technology design processes ​ (Margunn Aanestad & Miria Grisot). Comments from Davide Nicolini, University of Warwick and Claus Harald Jebsen, BI.

• Grisot, Miria & Aanestad, Margunn (2024). Infrastructuring as management practice: competence required for digital infrastructures in healthcare. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2024). Circumspection as a process of responsible appropriation of AI. In Constantiou, Ioanna; Joshi, Mayur & Stelmaszak, Marta (Ed.), Research Handbook on Artificial Intelligence and Decision Making in Organizations. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISSN 9781803926209. p. 112–125. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2024). En kort introduksjon til KI. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2024). Ansvarlig innføring av KI. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2024). The Work to Make AI Work. Full text in Research Archive
• Nerland, Monika; Brandenberger, Isabel Alexandra; Sadorge, Christopher; Dæhlen, Åsmund & Aanestad, Margunn (2024). Hva krever digitaliseringen av helsearbeidere og ledere? Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Digitaliseringen av helsetjenestene i kommunen endrer både jobben som skal gjøres og kompetansen som kreves. I denne formidlingskonferansen presenterte forskere i CORPUS-prosjektet resultater under to tematiske bolker: 1) Hva innebærer digitaliseringen for ansatte i tjenestene? 2) Hva er implikasjonene for ledelse av utviklingsprosjekter og endringer i arbeidsmiljøene? Resultatene ble kommentert og diskutert med forskere og representanter for aktuelle praksisfelt.

• Aanestad, Margunn (2024). Hvordan kan vi oppnå det vi vil med digitalisering i helsesektoren? Magma forskning og viten. ISSN 1500-0788. doi: 10.23865/magma.v27.1439. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Artikkelen diskuterer utfordringer knyttet til håndtering av store og komplekse IT-prosjekter. Framover må vi som samfunn bli bedre på å minimere og håndtere sosioteknisk kompleksitet dersom vi skal unngå flere IT-skandaler. Flere ti-års forskning på hvordan denne kompleksiteten bør håndteres i fremveksten av informasjonsinfrastrukturer har ledet fram til alternative modeller for prosjektstyring. Imidlertid får denne forståelsen i liten grad gjennomslag i praksis på grunn av styringsverktøyene man er pålagt å bruke i offentlige IT-prosjekter. Dette kan bidra til å forklare hvorfor prosjekter kan feile selv om organisasjon opplever at de har gjort alt «riktig», og til å begrunne behovet for andre tilnærminger til digitaliseringsprosesser i offentlig sektor.

• Grisot, Miria & Aanestad, Margunn (2024). INFRASTRUCTURING AS MANAGEMENT PRACTICE: COMPETENCE REQUIRED FOR DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURES IN HEALTHCARE. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this paper we address the demands digitalization and digital transformation processes pose to management employees in healthcare organizations. Specifically, we consider the competences related to dealing with infrastructural technologies in healthcare. Research on digital infrastructures has reconsidered design proposing an expanded view which recognizes that design activities happen also as a continuous process alongside use and adaptations, including issues of maintenance, renewal or obsolescence. The paper is based on an empirical study of an ongoing digitalization in the largest city administration in Norway. The aim of the initiative is to build a digital infrastructure for sharing patient information across city districts and levels of care. Our findings show three empirically emerging themes: prioritization, mobilization and organizing. We present these as infrastructural competences and discuss them in relation to literature on digitalization and competence development in healthcare.

• Aanestad, Margunn (2023). Digital degrowth - beyond solutionism. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper argues that environmental sustainability should become a primary goal in IS research. Often, we tend to propose digital technology as a solution that contribute to environmental sustainability. Less frequently we recognize that the energy and material resource flows associated with ICTs in themselves have environmental impacts. The tendency to consider digital technology a solution instead of a challenge is one-sided and tend to drive growth in digital technologies. This is reinforced by the “green growth” discourse which exhibits a continued and unrealistic reliance on economic growth. Alternative paradigms under the larger “postgrowth” umbrella articulates other priorities, including degrowth and sufficiency-oriented approaches. In this Research-in-Progress paper I review some approaches, such as computing within limits, collapse informatics, permacomputing and debates about judicious digital design and frugal innovations, as a starting point for articulating implications and possible directions for how the IS field could engage with a degrowth agenda.

• Haugjord, Barbro Renland & Aanestad, Margunn (2023). “Multi-dimensional digital sustainability through hybrid data flows”. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2023). Circumspection of artificial intelligence in a public sector organization. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2023). Circumspection of artificial intelligence in a public sector organization. Full text in Research Archive
• Nerland, Monika; Aanestad, Margunn; Hasu, Mervi; Grisot, Miria & Sundt-Ohlsen, Harald (2023). Nye kompetansebehov i helsesektorens digitaliseringsprosesser. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Sesjon på EHiN-konferansen 2023: Hvilke kompetansebehov oppstår lokalt når helsetjenestene digitaliseres og teknologibruken intensiveres? Hva betyr dette for organisasjonene og for ansatte? Denne sesjonen presenterer nyere forskning om temaet, deriblant funn fra et pågående prosjekt der forskere fra UiO samarbeider med Oslo kommune. Sesjonen inkluderer en innledning, to foredrag basert på forskning i prosjektet CORPUS, og en kommentar fra samarbeidspartner i Oslo kommune.

• Fuglerud, Kristin Skeide; Moe, Carl Erik; Aanestad, Margunn; Nyhus, Kjetil; Quinteros, Ragnie & Tharaldsen, Jeanette [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2023). Paneldebatt: Klarer vi å tilby digitale velferdstjenester slik at de som trenger det mest også vil ha nytte av tjenestene? [Internet]. Arendal, streaming. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2023). Reconfiguring knowledge infrastructures: Studies of organizational implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) and data analytics. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2022). Implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) and data analytics as reconfiguration of organizational work systems. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2022). Digitale helsetjenester for alle - hva må til? Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2022). Digitalt utenforskap – En utfordring for demokrati og rettssikkerhet? Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2022). Digitalt utenforskap. Full text in Research Archive
• Koivu, Annariina; Aanestad, Margunn & Shidende, Nima Herman (2022). Applying Systems Thinking to Health Information Systems: Lessons from South Africa and Tanzania. In Vallières, Frédérique (Eds.), Systems Thinking for Global Health. How can systems-thinking contribute to solving key challenges in Global Health?. Oxford University Press. ISSN 9780198799498. p. 96–106. doi: 10.1093/oso/9780198799498.003.0008. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2022). Reconfiguringknowledgeinfrastructures: Studies of organizational implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) and data analytics. Full text in Research Archive
• Skrøvseth, Stein Olav & Aanestad, Margunn (2022). Hvor går veien videre for e-helse - nå? Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Statsbudsjettets stopp for finansiering av Felles Kommunal Journal (FKJ) er svakt begrunnet - og utgjør et skudd for baugen for mulig løsning av ett av de viktigste problemene i helsesektoren. Helseanalyseplattformen er satt på pause, og veien videre synes å være usikker.

• Magutshwa, Sindisiwe; Aanestad, Margunn & Hausvik, Geir Inge (2022). BEYOND CRISIS RESPONSE: LEVERAGING SOCIOTECHNICAL TRANSFORMABILITY. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  We investigate the organizational capacities required to leverage digital infrastructures both (1) in response to crisis and external threats, and (2) in realizing the transformative potential associated with the digital infrastructures. Thus, our research question is: What is required for organizations to be able to transform in the face of disruptions and breakdowns? We report from an empirical study of a digital infrastructure innovation process in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, which involved extensions and novel development of both the technology and the former service model. While the literature on organizational resilience offers us a conceptual framework to identify organizational capabilities, we lean on literature that foregrounds transformability as a crucial aspect of resilience. We discuss organizational capacities which are considered vital in realizing the potential for transformative crisis learning in sociotechnical systems that builds adaptive capacity and influences the enactment of future organisational routines.

• Aanestad, Margunn; Haatvedt, Jens Christian & Alstadsæter, Annette (2022). Implementing a DataInfrastructure to Enable Business Analytics in the Public Sector: a Case Study. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper describes the initial stages of the process of implementing the data infrastructure required to develop analytics capabilities in a public sector organization. Helfo (the Norwegian Health Economics Administration) is responsible for making payments to healthcare actors who submit reimbursement claims. An important task for Helfo is also to prevent and detect errors, and the organization is currently strengthening this capacity though employing data analytics and ar-tificial intelligence. Implementing data analytics entails more than a “plug-and-play” process, and we analyze the initial stages of the implementation process as a sociotechnical change process. As a starting point we employ the CRISP-DM process model and enrich this with additional steps and tasks that was found to be central in the case. We describe in more detail the preparatory work relating to the technical setup and data infrastructures, and the implications for the information processing routines of the organization more broadly. The case study shows that also the early-phase improvements in data access and utilizing basic analytics capabilities yielded instant benefits to the organization, even before employing advanced analytics and artificial intelligence. The rich description of the early stages of the implementation process can be valuable for other public sector organizations that seek to build data analytic capabilities.

• Aanestad, Margunn (2022). Implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) and data analytics as reconfiguration of organizational work systems. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2022). Implementing a Data Infrastructure to Enable Business Analytics in the Public Sector: a Case Study. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2021). Augmenting the algorithm: Emerging human-in-the-loop work configurations. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2021). Gode helseteknologier krever kritisk og konstruktiv forsking. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2021). Hvilke samfunnskonsekvenser kan kjønnsubalansen i teknologi- og realfag ha? Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn & Fattah, Ida Susanna (2021). Digital hjemmeoppfølging under Covid-pandemien. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2021). Digital Infrastructure for Robust and Scalable Patient Monitoring in Pandemic Response Situations. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Hanseth, Ole; Aanestad, Margunn & Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Digital Transformation through Collaborative Platformization: A Study of Incumbent-Entrepreneur Relations. Full text in Research Archive
• Haugjord, Barbro Renland; Hydle, Katja Maria & Aanestad, Margunn (2021). Platform of Platforms Providing Granular Flexibility - A Case from the Electricity Sector. Full text in Research Archive
• Svendsrud, Daniel Stedjan; Hydle, Katja Maria & Aanestad, Margunn (2021). Orchestration in Practice: A Case in Asset Intensive Industry. Full text in Research Archive
• Skrøvseth, Stein Olav; Aanestad, Margunn; Vestli, Karl & Ekroll, Henning Carr (2020). Forskere: -Ble ikke bedt om råd. [Journal]. Aftenposten. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  I Tromsø sitter et forskningsmiljø med over 80 mennesker som jobber med e-helse. De sier at de ikke er blitt involvert i statens planlegging av det største e-helseprosjektet i norsk historie.

• Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Akson, elefanter – og Vipps. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Transformational digitalization of public health services as a multi-actor and multi-level process. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The work-in-progress paper examines policy implications of digital service innovation in the public health sector. The empirical case is the ongoing attempt to introduce home-based follow up and care services for patients with chronic diseases. The challenge with these novel services is that they require a more comprehensive system-level reconfiguration of administrative, financial, professional and legal aspects. Only recently was a concerted initiative from the government initiated to address this policy need. This process constitutes the empirical case for the paper, which seeks to learn about the requirements for transformational policy of complex socio-technical systems, spanning multiple actors and scales within and beyond the public sector.

• Aanestad, Margunn (2020). «Hvordan spise en elefant?» Søkelys på prosjektmetodikk. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Digital transformasjon: Digitalisering i norsk helsesektor - historikk, status, sentrale aktører og initiativer. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Digital transformasjon: Digitale plattformer. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Digitale infrastrukturer, kompleksitet og styring. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn; Skrøvseth, Stein Olav; Bergland, Christine & Ekroll, Henning Carr (2020). Dette er diskusjonen om hvordan det nye milliardsystemet for kommunene bør lages. [Journal]. Aftenposten. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Digitalisering er ikkje automatisk grøn omstilling. Full text in Research Archive
• Crooks, George & Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Care 4.0 An exploration of the future of health and care. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Digitale transformasjonsprosesser. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn (2020). Muligheter og utfordringer ved nye måter å yte helsehjelp på. Full text in Research Archive
• Skrøvseth, Stein Olav; Aanestad, Margunn; Strisland, Frode & Olsen, Per Ingvar (2020). Norge trenger en kunnskapsbasert e-helselov. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Stortinget skal nå ta stilling til ny e-helselov. Lovforslaget høstet mye kritikk i høringsrunden, men fremmes så godt som uendret. Vi mener at forslaget er mangelfullt på flere måter og bør forbedres før loven vedtas.

• Aanestad, Margunn & Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni (2019). Public interests and value creation around global genetic data platforms. Full text in Research Archive
• Vassilakopoulou, Polyxeni & Aanestad, Margunn (2019). Understanding the conjunction between “the byte” and “the gene”: an infrastructural perspective on bio data. Full text in Research Archive
• Hoholm, Thomas; Rocca, Antonella La & Aanestad, Margunn (2018). Introduction: Controversies in Health Care Innovation. Service, Technology and Organization. In Hoholm, Thomas; Rocca, Antonella La & Aanestad, Margunn (Ed.), Controversies in Healthcare Innovation. Service, Technology and Organization. Palgrave Macmillan. ISSN 9781137557797. p. 1–20. Full text in Research Archive
• Aanestad, Margunn; Mähring, Magnus; Østerlund, Carsten; Riemer, Kai & Schultze, Ulrike (2018). Living with Monsters? In Schultze, Ulrike; Aanestad, Margunn; Mähring, Magnus; Østerlund, Carsten & Riemer, Kai (Ed.), Living with Monsters? Social Implications of Algorithmic Phenomena, Hybrid Agency, and the Performativity of Technology. IS&O 2018. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol 543. Springer, Cham. Springer. ISSN 9783030040901. p. 3–12. Full text in Research Archive
• Thunes, Johanne; Kempton, Alexander Moltubakk; Aanestad, Margunn & Stray, Viktoria (2026). Beyond outsourcing: a case study on digital sourcing decisions. Universitetet i Oslo. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this thesis, I argue for the need to look beyond cost minimization in sourcing decisions. Over the last two decades, digitalization has changed the sourcing landscape, and the outsourcing literature has not kept up. It includes novel aspects and challenges, such as knowledge exchange, organizational learning, and digital transformation. Recently, generative artificial intelligence (AI) has received much attention. The problem is not only to decide whether to outsource or not, but also how to organize and govern digital solutions. The thesis explores the role of digital sourcing, the implications of digitalization, and the impact of recent technological advancements. The empirical material consists of interviews with software professionals who had experience in client organizations. The professionals were held responsible for digital sourcing decisions. The study was informed by both an ongoing set of software projects and the relevant literature. The main contribution of this thesis is a new analytical framework for digital sourcing decisions. While existing frameworks are rooted in cost arguments, this analytical framework takes a broader perspective, incorporating decision-level outsourcing. Second, the thesis contributes to the literature on digital sourcing, where empirical research is still scarce. Third, it also contributes to IS research in digital transformation and operations. Finally, the thesis presents lessons relevant to practitioners.

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