Tor Helge Aas

• Stocker, Debora; Aas, Tor Helge & Nybakk, Erlend (2026). Portfolio Management of Sustainability-Oriented Innovation in Mature Capital-Intensive Industries. In albiez, sabrina & Bitran, Iain (Ed.), The proceedings for the XXXVII ISPIM Innovation Conference. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789526577128. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This study examines how innovation portfolio decisions concerning sustainability-oriented innovation are made in mature capital-intensive industries. Drawing on a qualitative multiple-case study of nine firms in the Norwegian maritime transport industry, supported by expert interviews and documentary sources, we analyse decision-making across four dimensions: processes, criteria, tools, and participants. The findings show that portfolio decision-making is shaped by high uncertainty, long investment horizons, and strong business-case logic. Portfolio processes are only partly formalized, sustainability considerations gain strongest traction when translated into financial and strategic value, and ownership structure influences time horizon and risk appetite. The study contributes to innovation portfolio management research by developing four propositions and advancing a more context-sensitive understanding of how sustainability-oriented innovation is evaluated and prioritized in mature capital-intensive settings.

• Aas-Hansen, Mads & Aas, Tor Helge (2026). Barriers to Advanced Servitization: Evidence from the Offshore Industry. In albiez, sabrina & Bitran, Iain (Ed.), The proceedings for the XXXVII ISPIM Innovation Conference. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789526577128. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This study investigates barriers to advanced servitization in the offshore equipment industry through a qualitative single-case study of a global supplier transitioning from a product-centric to a more service-oriented business model. Drawing on ten semi-structured interviews and secondary company data, the study examines how such barriers manifest in a context characterized by high product complexity, low standardization, low sales volume, and high operational risk. The findings show that, while many barriers resemble those identified in prior servitization research, they become particularly severe and mutually reinforcing in offshore settings. Financial risk, product heterogeneity, and organizational fragmentation emerge as central constraints on performance-based and lifecycle-oriented service models. By developing empirically grounded propositions, the study extends servitization research by identifying important boundary conditions for advanced servitization and showing how its viability depends on the alignment between service ambitions, product characteristics, and organizational readiness.

• Berntsen, Terje Bernt; Aas, Tor Helge & Hunnes, John (2026). Business model diversification: a review and research agenda. Review of Managerial Science. ISSN 1863-6683. doi: 10.1007/s11846-026-01036-7. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Operating multiple business models can be essential for firm survival, yet can also pose fundamental challenges for managers and organizations. Accordingly, business model diversification has emerged as an important phenomenon, attracting increasing attention from strategy and innovation scholars as well as practitioners. Despite this growing interest, research efforts remain dispersed, conceptually ambiguous, and theoretically underdeveloped, thereby impeding cumulative advancement. To address these gaps, we provide the first comprehensive systematic literature review of the business model diversification literature. Our review of 81 articles seeks to advance understanding of the concept and establish a foundation for future research and practice. We find that business model diversification encompasses four distinct processes, each associated with a unique set of activities, challenges, and objectives. We also identify divergent research streams, with one stream framing business model diversification as a strategy process and another as an innovation process. In addition, we highlight emerging trends related to sustainable and circular business models, digital transformation, and demand-side research. We further emphasize the central role of business model interrelatedness. This study contributes to current understanding by clarifying the conceptual landscape, offering a more nuanced interpretation of business model diversification, and situating it within the strategy and innovation literatures. Finally, we propose a novel framework for business model interrelatedness and outline important avenues for future research.

• Bøgebjerg, Linn A.; Aas, Tor Helge & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2025). Fra rapport til handling? En studie av bærekraftsrapportering og -praksis i små og mellomstore bedrifter | Magma. Magma forskning og viten. ISSN 1500-0788. 28(5), p. 78–87. doi: 10.23865/magma.v28.1520. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Små og mellomstore bedrifter (SMB-er) møter økende forventninger om bærekraftig praksis, selv om bærekraftsrapportering foreløpig er frivillig for dem. Et nytt og omfattende regelverk rettet mot større selskaper vil trolig føre til økt etterspørsel etter bærekraftsinformasjon også fra SMB-er. Samtidig finnes det lite forskning på sammenhengen mellom bærekraftsrapportering og -praksis i SMB-er. Denne studien undersøker derfor to spørsmål: (1) Hva kjennetegner sammenhengen mellom bærekraftsrapportering og -praksis hos SMB-er? (2) Hvilke faktorer motiverer SMB-er til å iverksette og rapportere på bærekraftstiltak? Basert på kvalitative intervjuer med informanter fra åtte norske produksjonsbedrifter utvikles en modell som viser en gjensidig forsterkende sammenheng mellom rapportering og praksis, påvirket av økonomiske, menneskelige og regulatoriske faktorer. Studien har implikasjoner både for bedriftsledere og politikere, og peker på behovet for videre forskning med bredere utvalg for å teste modellens gyldighet. English abstract From Report to Action? A Study of Sustainability Reporting and Practices in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face increasing stakeholder expectations to operate sustainably, even though sustainability reporting remains voluntary for these businesses. However, a new and comprehensive regulatory framework targeting larger companies is expected to increase the demand for sustainability information from SMEs as well. At the same time, there is limited research on the relationship between sustainability reporting and sustainability practice in SMEs. This study therefore addresses two research questions: (1) What characterizes the relationship between sustainability reporting and practice in SMEs? (2) What factors motivate SMEs to implement and report on sustainability initiatives? Based on qualitative interviews with informants from eight Norwegian manufacturing companies, the study develops a theoretical model showing a mutually reinforcing relationship between reporting and practice, shaped by underlying economic, human, and regulatory factors. The study has implications for business leaders and policymakers and highlights the need for future research using broader samples to test the framework’s validity.  

• Altrock, Sophie; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2025). Automation and augmentation in professional services: Exploring the impact of financial self-service technology. Electronic Markets. ISSN 1019-6781. 35. doi: https:/link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12525-025-00835-2. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Despite the rise of increasingly smart technologies in professional services, financial services firms require clear strategies for integrating automation, augmentation, and hybrid service models alongside human workers. This paper employs a qualitative approach to explore the considerations necessary for adopting robo-advisors (RAs) in self-service investment management and the actions required to support their integration. The findings show how self-service technology (SST) such as RAs at the intersection of customer and worker can enable automation and augmentation simultaneously. Overall, six factors are identified across technical, organisational, and external dimensions that guide firms in determining when, where and how to effectively adopt RAs as an integral part of financial services. For each factor, we present specific firm-level actions to achieve successful service automation and augmentation. As such, this research contributes to a holistic approach to digital transformation at large and service automation in particular by proposing hybrid service models that leverage SST.

• Aas, Tor Helge; Rossfjord, Marius & Østlie, Krisander (2025). Evaluating Innovation in Equity Investment Decisions. In Bitran, Iain; Conn, Steffen; Mitsis, Alex; Ritala, Paavo; Torkkeli, Marko & Trabelsi, Meriam (Ed.), Proceedings of the ISPIM 2025 Conference - Bergen. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Rossfjord, Marius & Østlie, Krisander (2025). Evaluating Innovation in Equity Investment Decisions: Insights from Venture Capital, Private Equity and Equity Fund Perspectives. International Journal of Innovation Management. ISSN 1363-9196. 29(9 & 10). doi: https:/www.worldscientific.com/doi/full/10.1142/S1363919625400146. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This study investigates how different types of investors — Venture Capitalists (VC), Private Equity (PE) investors, and Equity Fund (EF) managers — evaluate and prioritise innovation capabilities in their investment decisions. Contrary to initial assumptions, EF managers display varied approaches to valuing innovation, with differences rooted in investment strategy and risk tolerance. The findings reveal that VC investors prioritise innovation as central to their investment criteria, relying on qualitative indicators. In contrast, PE investors and EF managers view innovation as a component among broader financial metrics, often using historical and quantitative data. The research highlights significant variations in how investors utilise innovation, shaped by their risk appetites and strategic goals, offering insights not extensively explored in previous literature. This study contributes to understanding the nuanced role of innovation across investor types, suggesting avenues for further research into broader cultural and demographic impacts.

• Altrock, Sophie; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2025). Automation–Augmentation Entanglement: Self-Service Technology as Driver for Change. IEEE Access. 13, p. 177631–177646. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3620137. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Although the automation of work is not new, advancements in artificial intelligence, worker shortages, and the Covid-19 pandemic have accelerated recent debates. Especially in service sectors, traditional service delivery is gradually merging with machine components, requiring organizations to rethink models of service delivery. Since the adoption of self-service technology (SST) grows, users benefit from improved access and self-management without human touchpoint, yet the impact of SST on workers requires further exploration. While technology-enabled workplace transformation is well researched, unified frameworks and strategies are missing to understand the interplay of augmentation and automation as SST becomes a ubiquitous component of service. Through an integrative review we explore most cited and most recent literature on automation, augmentation, and SST. In total, we review 41 articles. This review provides a status quo on the topics automation, augmentation, and SST. Providing a combined lens, five emerging themes are discovered for future research: Social (A)symmetries, Competing Intelligences, Redistributed Responsibilities and New Skills, Merging Spaces and New Ecosystems, Governance and Ethics. This article provides an interdisciplinary review of service automation, extends previous scholarly work, and encourages new pathways for hybrid service delivery. Furthermore, embedded in the concept of a human-centered Industry 5.0, we suggest automation–augmentation entanglement as holistic framework reflecting the interplay of human and technology in the workplace.

• Kristiansen, Marius Trandheim & Aas, Tor Helge (2025). Building legitimacy in digital servitization: an exploratory case study in manufacturing. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management. ISSN 1741-038X. 37(1), p. 65–86. doi: 10.1108/JMTM-08-2024-0443. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Purpose This article aims to explore how manufacturers establish legitimacy in digital servitization. As manufacturing firms recognize digital servitization’s significance, they aim to understand its relevance within their contexts. For successful implementation and credibility in digital service-focused business models, manufacturers must ensure their innovations align with the legitimate standards set by ecosystem participants. Design/methodology/approach We investigate how a globally recognized original equipment manufacturer pursued legitimacy for a digital servitization initiative, focusing on actions taken to integrate a novel smart service into an established ecosystem. Findings Early engagement with ecosystem actors and the application of design thinking methodologies were crucial for acceptance during the smart service’s development and launch. Our empirically grounded process model outlines actions in three smart service development phases: pre-development, development and commercialization. Research limitations/implications This study describes actions contributing to smart service acceptance, particularly during the development and initial commercialization phases. Future research could explore these actions' impact on smart servitization within various ecosystems. Practical implications Practitioners can utilize the process model to identify actions that ensure the acceptance of digital servitization initiatives. Originality/value This research delivers actionable insights for manufacturers engaging in digital servitization, providing an empirically grounded process model.

• Altrock, Sophie; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2024). Towards Augmentation: Rethinking Automation for Industry 5.0, ISPIM Connects Osaka - Connecting and Empowering Society, Osaka, Japan on 2-4 December 2024. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789526506975. Full text in Research Archive
• Kristiansen, Marius Trandheim & Aas, Tor Helge (2024). Gaining acceptance for digital servitization: the role of legitimacy in the development of a smart service in established manufacturing ecosystems. The journal of business & industrial marketing. ISSN 0885-8624. doi: 10.1108/JBIM-09-2023-0537. Full text in Research Archive
• Justvik, Geir Jørgensen; Aas, Tor Helge & Smiljic, Sanja (2024). Understanding the Openness of Research, Development and Innovation Projects: Evidence from Mature Industry Firms in Norway. IEEE transactions on engineering management. ISSN 0018-9391. 71, p. 14168–14182. doi: 10.1109/TEM.2024.3443300. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2024). A process perspective on the micro-level of servitization stages. LUT Scientific and Expertise Publications - Tutkimusraportit. ISSN 2243-3376. p. 1–16. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This empirical paper assesses the micro-level of servitization processes. A current stream of servitization research have emerged and provide conceptual frameworks for understanding the macro-level servitization journey as a stepwise process. Extant servitization research delves into the content of these transformations, unravelling the change processes. Our study seeks to reveal what goes on at the micro-level, and between the macro-stages. Drawing insights from qualitative data gathered in five manufacturing firms serving the Norwegian energy and maritime sector, we find that the servitization transition is characterized by diverse processes, blending top-down, bottom-up, and external unpredicted events. Endogenous factors like strategy and organizational culture, along with exogenous factors such as market characteristics, are found to impact the servitization processes. This research sheds light on the nuanced dynamics of servitization processes, enhancing our understanding of the activities happening between the macro-stages of the servitization journey. By exploring servitization processes empirically, the paper provides a conceptual lens underpinned by classical contributions of the processual perspective on organizational change. The paper also provides guidance to managers of the complex issues of what goes on between the stages in a servitization process at the micro-level.

• Aas, Tor Helge; Hydle, Katja Maria & Smiljic, Sanja (2023). Platform-based Digital Servitization: Business Models and the Role of Platforms. In Bitran, Iain; Bitetti, Leandro; Conn, Steffen; Fishburn, Jessica; Huizingh, Eelko; Ritala, Paavo; Torkelli, Marko & Yang, Jialei (Ed.), Innovation and Circular Economy, Proceedings of XXXIV ISPIM Innovation Conference, held in Ljubljana, Slovenia on 04 June to 07 June 2023. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789526506937. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  An increasing number of manufacturing firms use digital platforms to enable and accelerate the shift from delivering physical products to delivering a mix of products and services. This shift is often referred to as platform-based digital servitization. The relationship between a servitized manufacturer’s business model and the role of digital platforms has received limited attention from researchers. This paper addresses this gap by conducting a comparative case study where two cases with opposing characteristics are contrasted and compared. The findings suggest that the role of digital platforms in the context of platform-based digital servitization is contingent upon whether the manufacturing firms in the ecosystem choose performance- based business models or not. The findings provide considerable assistance and guidance to platform managers searching for ways to use digital platforms in the context of servitization.

• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2023). ORGANISING DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES: THE CASE OF PRODUCT-SERVICE SYSTEMS. International Journal of Innovation Management. ISSN 1363-9196. doi: 10.1142/S1363919623500305. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This study addresses the development of new integrated product–service systems (PSSs). Most empirical research on the organisation of development processes has focussed on new product development, new service development, software development and new business model development in isolation; however, the development of new, complex PSSs that require the integration of these development efforts has received limited research attention. We address this literature gap through a qualitative, in-depth study of five firms operating in the business-to-business context. The findings demonstrate that all new PSS development processes did not implement and use one specific process model. Instead, the organisation of new PSS development processes was contingent upon the type of services to be offered and the target business model. This study proposes a contingency framework for development processes that provides considerable guidance to managers searching for ways to facilitate the processes of developing new PSSs.

• Altrock, Sophie; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2023). Being Human in the Digitally Enabled Workplace: Insights From the Robo-Advice Literature. IEEE transactions on engineering management. ISSN 0018-9391. 71, p. 7876–7891. doi: 10.1109/TEM.2023.3291820. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The growth in intelligent machines entering the workplace continues to challenge organizations’ digital transformation efforts. Various applications of simple to complex algorithms allow computerized systems to take on and automate an increasing number of tasks previously undertaken by human workers. Robo-advisors (RAs) in the financial sector serve as an excellent example of technological versatility and what is to come. RAs are platforms defined by a set of algorithms that offer wealth management advice online. To understand how human workers are affected by progressively intelligent machines, this article looks at the impact of RAs on human financial advisors. Through a systematic review, we present state of the art literature and examine interactions of human and digital component. Our findings illustrate possible automation scenarios for financial advisors working with RAs, the human value added, and the skills the future workforce will require. We further suggest a future research agenda. This article adds to the digital transformation literature at the intersection of workplace automation, service provision, and human–machine interaction. The aim is to provide and provoke new ideas for successful implementation and use of intelligent machines along with skilled people in a supportive work environment.

• Berntsen, Terje Bernt; Aas, Tor Helge & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2023). Balancing contradictory demands during the transition to a business model portfolio for sustainability. Cogent Business & Management. 10(3). doi: 10.1080/23311975.2023.2275364. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  While many firms manage multiple business models concurrently, little is known about how they successfully transition to a portfolio of business models and even less about how this process unfolds in the context of sustainability. In this qualitative in-depth case study, we focus on the transition from a single business model to a portfolio that includes novel sustainable business models and study how an organization manages contradicting demands during this process. Our findings suggest that the transition is a dynamic and iterative transformation process whereby managers navigate contradictory demands by using specific balancing mechanisms, which we identified as bridging and segmenting. We propose a novel model explaining the transition process and offer an understanding of how transi-tions towards sustainable business models can be navigated and potentially accelerated.

• Kurtmollaiev, Seidali & Aas, Tor Helge (2023). Repurposed: Management Control in Innovation Leadership. In Jensen, Karina R.; Kaudela-Baum, Stephanie & Sheffield, Rob (Ed.), Innovation Leadership in Practice: How Leaders Turn Ideas into Value in a Changing World. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. ISSN 9781837533978. p. 243–257. doi: 10.1108/978-1-83753-396-120231013. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  On the one hand, there is a long tradition of approaching management control and innovation as opposites that prompt organisational tensions. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that management control may foster innovation and promote innovative behaviour. At the same time, both these perspectives focus on innovation management, and discussions regarding the role of management control in innovation leadership are conspicuously absent from the literature. In this chapter, we analyse how innovation leaders use management control in two service companies. We demonstrate that, in contrast to innovation managers who employ management control systems primarily for planning, monitoring, and evaluation purposes, innovation leaders use management control for advocacy, engagement, and visibility.

• Smiljic, Sanja; Aas, Tor Helge & Mention, Anne-Laure (2022). To join or not to join? Insights from coopetitive RD&I projects. R&D Management. ISSN 0033-6807. n/a(n/a), p. 1–19. doi: 10.1111/radm.12560. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Multipartner research, development and innovation (RD&I) projects are increasingly used to achieve complex innovation goals and keep pace with today's technological imperatives. The involvement of both competing and noncompeting partners increases the complexity of the relationships and poses a challenge to the outcomes of such projects. Therefore, the right choice of partners is particularly important in this context. Although previous research has mainly examined how focal firms deliberately select collaborative partners, this study demonstrates how non-focal firms evaluate invitations to participate in RD&I projects with multiple partners and direct competitors. Going beyond the coopetitive dyad, we qualitatively examine six multipartner RD&I projects in mature industries involving competitors and noncompetitors. The findings suggest that the evaluation process differs between exploration and exploitation projects. We identify critical factors that guide direct competitors' process of deciding whether to participate in both types of projects, and we provide new insights into the attractiveness of coopetitive RD&I collaborations for firms in mature industries. The study's propositions advance theory and can be tested in future empirical studies. This study also provides valuable guidance for practitioners considering embarking on a coopetitive journey.

• Altrock, Sophie; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2022). Exploring Human Replacement: A Literature Review on Robo-Advice, The XXXIII ISPIM Innovation Conference "Innovating in a Digital World". ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789523356948. Full text in Research Archive
• Rubin, Tzameret H. & Aas, Tor Helge (2022). Exploring InsurTech Corporate Accelerators’ Operations: Evidence from Lloyd’s Lab, The XXXIII ISPIM Innovation Conference "Innovating in a Digital World". ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789523356948. Full text in Research Archive
• Rubin, Tzameret H.; Aas, Tor Helge & Williams, Jackie (2022). Big data and data ownership rights: The case of car insurance. The Journal of Information Technology Teaching Cases (JITTC). 12(1). doi: 10.1177/20438869221096859. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Customers’ data points sources are growing, through the Internet of Things (IoT), telematics and interfacing with third parties’ platforms. Third parties provide either by-product data about their clients, or data that are generated for the specific task of a more accurate measurement of behaviour. One of the core building blocks in insurance is understanding risk – therefore, innovation around data points (sources and analytics) to proxy risk is the engine behind its digital transformation. While the value of data points is clear for the providers of insurance products and services, the customers have not only less control over their data, but also hardly benefit from the creation of those data points. In this paper we provide a case study from the British car insurance industry, about a data-driven product that pivoted into a re-designed personal data right architecture, which included transparency, traceability and usability of customers’ digital traces, and enabled customers’ ownership rights over their data.

• Hydle, Katja Maria; Hellström, Magnus Mikael; Aas, Tor Helge & Breunig, Karl Joachim (2022). Entrepreneuring practices: interconnected bundles for digital servitization. In Thompson, Neil Aaron; Byrne, Orla; Jenkins, Anna & Teague, Bruce T. (Ed.), Research Handbook on Entrepreneurship as Practice. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISSN 9781788976824. p. 298–313. doi: 10.4337/9781788976831.00027. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The existing corporate entrepenurship (CE) literature is based on the understanding that CE rests on social ontological individualism, claiming that social life is an aggregate of individuals' actions. To further enhance our knowledge of CE activities as a social phenomena, this chapter uses practice theory to uncover the interrelated activities of CE practitioners. We study CE practices in the context of servitization, through the entrepreneurial practices formed when manufacturers move from products to services. Our empirical material is gathered from five manufacturing firms in Norway within an industrial cluster of suppliers to the energy and maritime sectors. We identify four interrelated entrepreneuring practices: prospecting the ecosystem; developing the new service-oriented business venture; transforming the organization; and establishing the new service-oriented business venture. We use practice theory empirically to describe the dynamics related to practice-arrangement bundles. Finally, we contribute to CE theory by exposing the four emergent CE bundles and the ways different types of practitioners were involved in the practice-arrangement bundles we identified.

• Alaassar, Ahmad; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2022). Facilitating innovation in FinTech: a review and research agenda. Review of Managerial Science. ISSN 1863-6683. doi: 10.1007/s11846-022-00531-x. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The purpose of this paper is to carry out content analyses on the existing literature to investigate the knowledge state of innovation facilitators adopted to promote financial innovation. In total, 56 papers were analysed using the NVivo software package. Three categories of innovation facilitators emerged from the literature capturing the perspective of regulators, incumbents and new entrants. Each identified instrument is defined and its processes and implications described. Many initiatives were led by regulators, revealing a regulatory strategy change from risk-based to opportunity-based regulation, with regulatory sandboxes being the most commonly adopted instrument. Incumbent-led innovation facilitators were also identified and typically took the form of corporate incubation models, co-working spaces, venture funds and innovation platforms to support financial institutions with partnerships, acquisitions or self-development. Lastly, the literature review revealed innovator-led instruments to support start-ups with raising capital. Based on our results, we discuss several important observations and propose avenues for future research capturing each of the identified perspectives. This paper contributes to incubation research and the financial innovation and FinTech literature streams.

• Smiljic, Sanja; Aas, Tor Helge & Mention, Anne-Laure (2022). Coopetitive tensions across project phases: A paradox perspective. Industrial Marketing Management. ISSN 0019-8501. 105, p. 388–403. doi: 10.1016/j.indmarman.2022.06.017. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Coopetition is a paradoxical phenomenon that encapsulates the dynamic interplay between cooperation and competition. Management of tensions, inherent in coopetitive relationships, is a success factor for this type of collaboration. Previous research has extensively examined management of tensions in the implementation phase of coopetitive innovation projects but has paid little attention to the dynamics of these tensions across different project phases. This gap is disconcerting since the innovation management literature recognizes the fuzziness and uncertainty of the pre-project phase as critical to the continuity of an innovation project. We argue that differences between project phases are likely to affect tensions, and qualitatively investigate their nature and management in the pre-project and implementation phases. The findings indicate that companies in mature industries often experience strong intra-organizational tensions during the pre-project phase due to performing and organizing paradoxes. These tensions may harm companies' participation in projects and need to be handled by a working-through strategy at the company level. In contrast, inter-organizational tensions are identified as the dominant type of tensions during the project implementation phase due to performing, organizing and learning paradoxes. Inter-organizational tensions need to be addressed by working-through strategy, splitting-and-integration strategy or a combination of the two strategies, respectively.

• Alaassar, Ahmad Sami Mahmoud; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Ecosystem dynamics: exploring the interplay within fintech entrepreneurial ecosystems. Small Business Economics. ISSN 0921-898X. 58. doi: 10.1007/s11187-021-00505-5. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Scholars and practitioners continue to recognize the crucial role of entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) in creating a conducive environment for productive entrepreneurship. Although EEs are fundamentally interaction systems of hierarchically independent yet mutually dependent actors, few studies have investigated how interactions among ecosystem actors drive the entrepreneurial process. Seeking to address this gap, this paper explores how ecosystem actor interactions influence new ventures in the financial technology (fintech) EE of Singapore. Guided by an EE framework and the use of an exploratory-abductive approach, empirical data from semi-structured interviews is collected and analyzed. The findings reveal four categories representing both the relational perspective, which features interaction and intermediation dynamics, and the cultural perspective, which encompasses ecosystem development and regulatory dynamics. These categories help explain how and why opportunity identification and resource exploitation are accelerated or inhibited for entrepreneurs in fintech EEs. The present study provides valuable contributions to scholars and practitioners interested in EEs and contributes to the academic understanding of the emerging fintech phenomenon.

• Kristiansen, Marius & Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Ecosystem acceptance of digital servitization: How does a new smart service gain legitimacy? In Bitran, I. & Conn, S. (Ed.), Proceedings of the ISPIM Connects Valencia Conference. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789523356917. Full text in Research Archive
• Alaassar, Ahmad; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Exploring a new incubation model for FinTechs: Regulatory sandboxes. Technovation. ISSN 0166-4972. 103. doi: 10.1016/j.technovation.2021.102237. Full text in Research Archive
• Matzner, Martin; Pauli, Tobias; Marx, Emanuel; Anke, Jürgen; Poeppelbuss, Jens & Fielt, Erwin [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2021). Transitioning to Platform-based Services and Business Models in a B2B Environment. Journal of Service Management Research (SMR). ISSN 2511-8676. 5(3), p. 143–162. doi: 10.15358/2511-8676-2021-3-143. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Given the considerable success of companies such as Apple, Amazon or Airbnb, the term platform is on everyone’s lips today. Accordingly, platforms have long since also found their way into service science. However, mastering the transition from established product-sales-based offerings to platform-based services and business models comes with a multitude of challenges. In a B2B context, incumbent companies need to carefully evaluate how they can benefit from the establishment of platforms, especially in light of the effects on their existing business models and ties to other actors. Hence, we invited scholars with different backgrounds to provide viewpoints on the opportunities and challenges of the transition to platform-based services and business models in a B2B environment. The individual commentaries provide various insights on how to conduct this transition and benefit from it successfully. To do so, they contrast different approaches for establishing and governing ecosystems around platforms, discuss B2B-specific pitfalls and opportunities of platform business models, uncover the supporting role of platforms for smart service development, and stress the importance of platform and ecosystem thinking as a necessary mindset.

• Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Opening Up the Service Innovation Process Towards Ordinary Employees in Large Service Firms. In Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (Ed.), Managing Open Service Innovation. World Scientific. ISSN 9789811234484. p. 187–207. doi: 10.1142/9789811234491_0009. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Most research on how the intellectual resources needed to succeed with innovation are managed has focused on the management of external intellectual resources in open innovation processes, whereas the management of the intellectual resources that ordinary employees possess has not received the same attention. This chapter addresses this literature gap by exploring employee involvement in service innovation processes qualitatively. This is done by following and observing the implementation of a project aiming to increase a large service firm’s innovativeness through higher and more focused employee involvement. Our findings suggest that successful implementation of employee involvement in this context is associated with the support of managers at all levels, the establishment of arenas where employees can collaborate, the establishment of a transparent system for screening and selection of ideas, and the existence of professional innovation management employees that are able to facilitate and lead the development of ideas.

• Aas, Tor Helge; Mention, Anne-Laure & Lee, Christina (2021). Open Service Innovation: A Systematic Literature Review. In Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (Ed.), Managing Open Service Innovation. World Scientific. ISSN 9789811234484. p. 17–42. doi: 10.1142/9789811234491_0002. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Hjemdahl, Kirsti Mathiesen; Nordgård, Daniel & Wästlund, Erik (2021). Outbound Open Innovation in Tourism: Lessons from an Innovation Project in Norway. In Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (Ed.), Managing Open Service Innovation. World Scientific. ISSN 9789811234484. p. 167–185. doi: 10.1142/9789811234491_0008. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The concept of open innovation was introduced by Henry Chesbrough in 2003 and refers to firms’ use of inflows and outflows of knowledge to improve innovation processes. The concept has received considerable scholarly attention, but most research has focused on how manufacturing firms can manage inflows of knowledge during their product innovation processes. How outflows of knowledge can be managed by service firms during their innovation processes has until now not received the same scholarly attention. In this chapter, we therefore aim to contribute in filling this knowledge gap by observing an innovation project in tourism during its implementation. The findings suggested that tourism firms reveal different types of knowledge to other tourism firms in non-pecuniary outbound open innovation processes. In this case the knowledge was revealed in joint workshops where several firms participated and in bi-lateral meetings between two firms, and sometimes the knowledge was transferred via consultants or researchers that acted as “knowledge mediators". The findings also suggested that tourism firms decided to reveal knowledge to other firms to improve their image, increase the market size and to sharpen up their own business. Implications for management as well as the need for further research are discussed in the chapter.

• Hydle, Katja Maria; Hanseth, Ole; Aanestad, Margunn & Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Digital Transformation through Collaborative Platformization: A Study of Incumbent-Entrepreneur Relations. Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). ISSN 1530-1605. p. 5831–5840. doi: 10.24251/HICSS.2021.707. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Hellström, Magnus Mikael; Aas, Tor Helge & Breunig, Karl Joachim (2021). Digital Servitization: Strategies for Handling Customization and Customer Interaction. In Kohtamaki, Marko; Baines, Tim; Rabetino, Rodrigo; Bigdeli, Ali; Kowalkowski, Christian; Oliva, Rogelio & Parida, Vinit (Ed.), The Palgrave Handbook of Servitization. Palgrave Macmillan. ISSN 9783030757700. p. 355–372. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-75771-7_23. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This conceptual chapter utilizes extant servitization and digitalization theorization and discusses the impact of digital servitization on customization/standardization and customer interaction. The study argues that the transformation toward digital servitization is complex and goes far beyond the technological dimension. The study contributes to the digital servitization literature by demonstrating that industrial services shift from customized and co-created to mainly standardized-provided and informating when they are digitalized. These insights can assist managers of servitized manufacturing firms who wish to utilize digital technologies in their service provision.

• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2021). Product-Service Systems in the Digital Era: Deconstructing Servitisation Business Model Typologies. In Kohtamaki, Marko; Baines, Tim; Rabetino, Rodrigo; Bigdeli, Ali; Kowalkowski, Christian; Oliva, Rogelio & Parida, Vinit (Ed.), The Palgrave Handbook of Servitization. Palgrave Macmillan. ISSN 9783030757700. p. 73–87. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-75771-7_5. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The identification of business model typologies of servitised firms is part of a long research tradition. However, the relevance of many existing typologies in the contemporary context, in which digitalisation is central to business model innovation, may be questioned. Thus, in this chapter, we revisit the existing literature and continue the conceptual discussion about the categorisation of product-service system business models. We propose a conceptual product-service system business model framework with three independent continuums: the degrees of ownership retention, results-orientedness and smartness. Based on this framework, we derive a new product-service system business model typology with eight categories that extends and bridges previous typologies in significant ways. The proposed framework is intended to serve as a sensitising concept for further research and the implementation of servitisation strategies in practice.

• Högberg, Johan; Wästlund, Erik; Aas, Tor Helge; Hjemdahl, Kirsti Mathiesen & Nordgård, Daniel (2020). Herding the Hordes: Using Location-Based Services and Mobile Messaging to Affect Visitor Behavior. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research. ISSN 1096-3480. 44(5), p. 870–878. doi: 10.1177/1096348020912449. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This study investigates modes of moving visitors in a tourist location using a locationbased service. Two field experiments were conducted at a zoo using real visitors as participants and behavior-based dependent variables. Experiment 1 included 2,618 visitors and investigated whether the amount of rewards, in the form of free spins on a wheel of fortune, would affect the choice to move to this wheel and claim the offered rewards. The choice of using this offer was used as a dependent variable. Experiment 2 included 970 visitors and investigated whether labelling participants with a fitting trait led them to move to a certain location. Geographical data using iBeacon logging was used as the dependent variable. Using chi-square tests for independence, we causally show that both the reward and the label had a positive and significant effect on moving the visitors to the targeted location.

• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2020). Service-oriented business models in manufacturing in the digital era: Toward a new taxonomy. International Journal of Innovation Management. ISSN 1363-9196. 24(8). doi: 10.1142/S1363919620400022. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  A stream of servitisation research has focused on the construction of taxonomies and typologies of product–service system business models (BMs). However, their relevance in the context of increased utilisation of digital technologies may be questioned. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to empirically revisit the existing product–service system BM taxonomies to explore the following research question: How can the BMs of servitised manufacturing firms be categorised in the digital era? The question is addressed through an embedded case study of five servitised firms. We found that the firms’ BMs varied with regard to the degree of the suppliers’ ownership of delivered products, degree of smartness of the services provided and degree of performance orientation of contracts. Based on these findings, we derived a new product–service system BM taxonomy with eight categories, presented in a 2 × 2 × 2 matrix, that significantly extends earlier taxonomies.

• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2020). Service-oriented Business Models in manufacturing in the Digital Era: Toward a New Typology. In Bitrain, Iain; Conn, Steffen; Gernreich, Chris; Heber, Michelle; Huizingh, K.R.E.; Kokshagina, Olga; Torkkeli, Marko & Tynnhammar, Marcus (Ed.), Proceedings of the 2020 ISPIM Innovation Conference (Virtual) Event : Innovating in Times of Crisis. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789523354661. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  A stream of servitization research has focused on identifying typologies of product-service system business models. However, their relevance may be questioned in a context with increased utilization of digital technologies. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to empirically revisit existing product-service system business model typologies by raising the following research question: How can business models of servitized manufacturing firms be categorized in the digital era? This question is addressed through a qualitative multiple case study of five servitized firms. Data was collected through semi structured in-depth interviews with a total of 66 key-employees, and through participation in 26 workshops and discussion meetings with the firms. Based on our empirical findings we derived a new product-service system business model typology with 8 different categories presented in a 2x2x2 matrix.

• Alaassar, Ahmad; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2020). Exploring how social interactions influence regulators and innovators: The case of regulatory sandboxes. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. ISSN 0040-1625. 160. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120257. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2019). Understanding Innovation in Digital Product-Service Ecosystems – A Business Model Perspective. In Narvaiza, Lorea; Opazo, Marco; Campos, Tontxu & Vendrell-Herrero, Ferran (Ed.), Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Business Servitization (ICBS 2019 - San Sebastian). University of Deusto. ISSN 9788412064346. p. 235–240. doi: 10.3926/serv2019. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Aas, Tor Helge & Hellström, Magnus Mikael (2019). Digitally enabled servitization strategy in manufacturing firms. In Schiuma, Giovanni; Demartini, Paola & Yan, Min-Ren (Ed.), Knowledge ecosystems and growth. Institute of Knowledge Asset Management (IKAM). ISSN 9788896687123. p. 16–29. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2019). Managing Innovation Processes: The Case of Integrated Product-Service Systems, Proceedings of the XXX ISPIM Innovation Conference. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789523353510. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Most research on the management of innovation processes has focused on either new product development or new service development, while the development of new integrated product-service systems has received limited attention. This paper addresses this literature gap by exploring qualitatively how new integrated product-service systems are developed in five firms. The findings demonstrated that there is not one specific process that is implemented and used in all new product-service system development initiatives. Instead the characteristics and the management of the new productservice system development processes were found to be contingent upon both the type of services (smart digital services vs. traditional services) and the business model (product-oriented services vs. result-oriented services). These findings provide considerable guidance to managers searching for ways to manage the processes of developing new product-service systems. Further research is needed to verify if the same contingencies are found in other types of organization

• Hjemdahl, Kirsti Mathiesen & Aas, Tor Helge (2018). Doing research on, for and with tourism organizations during innovation processes. In Ren, Carina; Johannesson, Thor & Duim, René van der (Ed.), Co-creating tourism research: Towards collaborative ways of knowing. Routledge. ISSN 9781138228191. p. 111–130. doi: 10.4324/9781315393223-8. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Hellström, Magnus Mikael; Aas, Tor Helge & Breunig, Karl Joachim (2018). Strategizing for servitization: From products to innovating in services, Proceedings of ISPIM Connects Fukuoka 2018. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789523352216. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hydle, Katja Maria & Hellström, Magnus Mikael (2018). Stages in transforming product- to service-oriented business models, Proceedings of ISPIM Connects Fukuoka 2018. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789523352216. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Kvåle, Tone & Tørressen, Karoline Lønning (2018). Inbound open innovation practices: The forgotten case of process innovation, Proceedings of ISPIM Connects Fukuoka 2018. ISPIM Lappeenranta University of Technology Press. ISSN 9789523352216. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge & Alaassar, Ahmad (2018). The Impact of Visual Performance Management on Decision-making in the Entrepreneurial Process. International Journal of Innovation Management. ISSN 1363-9196. 22(5). doi: 10.1142/S1363919618400029. Full text in Research Archive

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• Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Managing Open Service Innovation. World Scientific. ISBN 9789811234484. 233 p. Full text in Research Archive

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• Aas, Tor Helge (2022). Tjenesteinnovasjon - en kort introduksjon. Full text in Research Archive
• Berntsen, Terje; Aas, Tor Helge & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2022). Managing the Transition from a Conventional Business Model to a Portfolio with Sustainable Business Models. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2022). Bærekraftig innovasjon - strategier. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2022). Digital innovasjon - hva og hvordan? Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Strategisk innovasjonsledelse. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge & Mention, Anne-Laure (2021). Managing Open Service Innovation: An Introduction. In Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (Ed.), Managing Open Service Innovation. World Scientific. ISSN 9789811234484. p. 1–15. doi: 10.1142/9789811234491_0001. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Forretningsmodeller i en digital tid. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Hanseth, Ole; Aanestad, Margunn & Aas, Tor Helge (2021). Digital Transformation through Collaborative Platformization: A Study of Incumbent-Entrepreneur Relations. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2020). Innovation Management: A (very) short introduction. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge & Hydle, Katja Maria (2020). The oil and gas industry case. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria & Aas, Tor Helge (2020). Collaborating for Digital Transformation: Interfirm Changes for Platform Development between an Entrepreneurial and an Incumbent Firm. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2020). Fra produkt- til tjenestefokus. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2020). Servation: Avsluttende prosjektpresentasjon, NYMO, mai 2020. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2020). Servation: Avsluttende prosjektpresentasjon MHWirth, mai 2020. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2020). Servation: Avsluttende prosjektpresentasjon Mandals, mai 2020. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2020). Servation: Avsluttende prosjektpresentasjon, mai 2020. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2020). Hvilke kapabiliteter trenger organisasjoner for å lykkes med digitalisering? Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Hjemdahl, Kirsti Mathiesen; Högberg, J.; Nordgård, Daniel; Ramberg, M.O. & Wästlund, Erik (2019). Contextualizing mobile advertisement using location based services: A field experiment. Full text in Research Archive
• Alaassar, Ahmad; Mention, Anne-Laure & Aas, Tor Helge (2019). Exploring how Interactions Enable Innovation and Regulation: the case of Regulatory Sandboxes. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Regulatory sandboxes guide FinTech firms through regulatory frameworks and hence constitute a prominent mechanism to enable innovative and entrepreneurial activities in the financial services industry. This paper explores how interactions that occur within regulatory sandboxes influence practices of regulators and regulatees, using the theoretical lens of institutional theory and social capital theory. To achieve this, an exploratory approach is adopted using data collected from 13 semi-structured interviews. Findings show that regulator-regulatee interactions influence regulatory knowledge and risk management capabilities, legitimacy and conformity with regulatory frameworks for sandbox participants. Findings also indicate that regulators become knowledgeable of novel technologies and have early access to innovative solutions that are designed to comply with regulatory systems. This research contributes to extant literature on incubation model breakthroughs.

• Hydle, Katja Maria; Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim & Hellström, Magnus Mikael (2019). Intrapreneuring for servitization. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim & Hellström, Magnus Mikael (2019). Organizing for ecosystems. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim & Hellström, Magnus Mikael (2019). Digitally mediated organizing: Sociomateriality at work for servitization. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2019). Understanding Innovation in Digital Product-Service Ecosystems – A Business Model Perspective. Full text in Research Archive
• Hellström, Magnus Mikael; Aas, Tor Helge & Hydle, Katja Maria (2019). Tjenestefisering og strategisk transformasjon. Full text in Research Archive
• Hellström, Magnus Mikael; Aas, Tor Helge & Hydle, Katja Maria (2019). Tjenestefisering og strategisk transformasjon. Full text in Research Archive
• Smiljic, Sanja; Aas, Tor Helge & Mention, Anne-Laure (2019). Partner selection in research-intensive coopetitive innovation projects:Evidence from mature industries. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2019). New digital business models: The case of servitization. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2019). Managing Digital Innovation Processes: The Case of Integrated Product-Service Systems. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2019). Interaksjonsarena for SERVATION prosjektet. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2019). New digital business models. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge & Hellström, Magnus Mikael (2019). New digital business models: The case of servitization. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2019). “Forske med og ikke på” – kan begge parter ha nytte av dette? Full text in Research Archive
• Hjemdahl, Kirsti Mathiesen; Aas, Tor Helge; Wästlund, Erik & Nordgård, Daniel (2018). Digital technology implementations within cultural and creative sector. Full text in Research Archive
• Hjemdahl, Kirsti Mathiesen; Nordgård, Daniel; Wästlund, Erik & Aas, Tor Helge (2018). How to algorithm and curate “the ultimate experience”? Full text in Research Archive
• Wästlund, Erik; Aas, Tor Helge; Hjemdahl, Kirsti Mathiesen & Nordgård, Daniel (2018). Real time experience design: using mobile messaging to affect visitor behaviour. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2018). Visualisering av data og virksomhetsstyring. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2018). Tjenestefisering - Hva er det? Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2018). Innovasjonsledelse - En innføring. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Kvåle, Tone & Tørresen, Karoline (2018). Inbound open innovation practices: The forgotten case of process innovation. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge (2018). Fra produktorienterte til digitale tjenesteorienterte forretningsmodeller. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2018). Tjenestefisering og strategisk transformasjon. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2018). Tjenestefisering og strategisk transformasjon - MHWirth. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2018). Tjenestefisering og strategisk transformasjon - NorSap. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge & Hydle, Katja Maria (2018). Tjenestefisering og strategisk transformasjon - Mandals. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Hydle, Katja Maria (2018). Tjenestefisering og strategisk transformasjon - MacGregor. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hydle, Katja Maria & Hellström, Magnus Mikael (2018). Stages in transforming product- to service-oriented business models. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Hellström, Magnus Mikael; Aas, Tor Helge & Breunig, Karl Joachim (2018). Strategizing for servitization: From products to innovating in services. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim & Hellström, Magnus Mikael (2018). Digitization for servitization: Embodied sociomaterial practices. Full text in Research Archive
• Breunig, Karl Joachim; Hydle, Katja Maria; Hellström, Magnus Mikael & Aas, Tor Helge (2019). Servation prosjektet: Tjenestefisering i GCE Node, delrapport MacGregor. GCE Node. Full text in Research Archive
• Hellström, Magnus Mikael; Aas, Tor Helge; Breunig, Karl Joachim & Hydle, Katja Maria (2019). Servation prosjektet: Tjenestefisering i GCE Node, delrapport Fenner Mandals. GCE Node. Full text in Research Archive
• Hydle, Katja Maria; Breunig, Karl Joachim; Aas, Tor Helge & Hellström, Magnus Mikael (2019). Servation prosjektet: Tjenestefisering i GCE Node, delrapport Nymo. GCE Node. Full text in Research Archive
• Aas, Tor Helge; Hellström, Magnus Mikael; Hydle, Katja Maria & Breunig, Karl Joachim (2019). Servation prosjektet: Tjenestefisering i GCE Node, delrapport MHWirth. GCE Node. Full text in Research Archive

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