Andreas Prinz

• Chatterjee, Ayan; Gerdes, Martin; Prinz, Andreas; Riegler, Michael & Martinez, Santiago (2024). Semantic representation and comparative analysis of physical activity sensor observations using MOX2-5 sensor in real and synthetic datasets: a proof-of-concept-study. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 14(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-55183-6.
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Pahari, Nibedita; Prinz, Andreas & Riegler, Michael Alexander (2023). AI and semantic ontology for personalized activity eCoaching in healthy lifestyle recommendations: a meta-heuristic approach. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making. ISSN 1472-6947. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12911-023-02364-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Prinz, Andreas; Riegler, Michael & Das, Jishnu (2023). A systematic review and knowledge mapping on ICT-based remote and automatic COVID-19 patient monitoring and care. BMC Health Services Research. ISSN 1472-6963. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-10047-z. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Handeland, Jorunn Aas; Prinz, Andreas; Ekra, Else Mari Ruberg & Fossum, Mariann (2023). ‘I realised it when we played with the doll!’: nursing students’ learning from participation in an action research project that included manikins. Educational Action Research. ISSN 0965-0792. doi: 10.1080/09650792.2023.2242425. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This qualitative educational action research study aimed to gain knowledge about nursing students’ learning from participating in a developmental project that included human-like manikins. Twenty-three second-year Bachelor of Nursing students, one teacher, and one researcher participated in the study conducted at a Norwegian university. In collaboration, they planned and executed a developmental project with manikins in a nursing course. The project put manikins’ reflective, explorative, and experiential potentials into play. Two Action Research cycles were carried out. Data were collected using audio recordings, observations, and written responses. The concepts of sayings, doings, and relatings guided the analysis to identify how the modified learning conditions influenced and changed the students’ learning. The following four themes illustrate the students’ learning in the project: ownership of the learning process, collaborative learning, understanding theory’s significance for practice, and taking the patient’s perspective. The student’s participation in the project, including their independent use and exploration of the manikins, provided freedom and responsibility in decision-making, helped them experience problems, fostered creativity, and stimulated inner motivation. This moved their learning in a more practice-relevant direction.

• Chatterjee, Ayan; Prinz, Andreas; Riegler, Michael Alexander & Meena, Yogesh Kumar (2023). An automatic and personalized recommendation modelling in activity eCoaching with deep learning and ontology. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 13(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-37233-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prinz, Andreas; Engebretsen, Martin; Gjøsæter, Terje; Møller-Pedersen, Birger & Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra (2023). Models, systems, and descriptions: A cross-disciplinary reflection on models. Frontiers in Computer Science. ISSN 2624-9898. 5. doi: 10.3389/fcomp.2023.1031807. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  There are many different notions of models in different areas of science that are often not aligned, making it difficult to discuss them across disciplines. In this study, we look at the differences between physical models and mental models as well as the difference between static and dynamic models. Semiotics provides a philosophical underpinning by explaining meaning-making. This allows for identifying a common ground between models in different areas. We use examples from natural sciences and linguistics to illustrate different approaches and concepts and to find commonalities. This study distinguishes between systems, models, and descriptions of models. This distinction allows us to understand the commonalities of mental and physical models in different areas.

• Chatterjee, Ayan; Prinz, Andreas; Pahari, Nibedita; Das, Jishnu & Riegler, Michael (2022). Sleep Monitoring with Wearable Sensor Data in an eCoach Recommendation System: A Conceptual Study with Machine Learning Approach, Frontiers of ICT in Healthcare. Springer Nature. ISSN 978-981-19-5191-6. s. 551–564. doi: https:/doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5191-6_44. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prinz, Andreas; Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra; Gjøsæter, Terje & Møller-Pedersen, Birger (2022). On abstraction in the OMG hierarchy: systems, models, and descriptions, ACM / IEEE 25th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS). Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). ISSN 978-1-4503-9467-3. s. 322–330. doi: 10.1145/3550356.3561573. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) uses a metadata hierarchy with several layers that are placed on top of each other. The traditional view is that the layers provide abstractions related to models in languages defined by meta-models. Over the years, it has been difficult to define a consistent understanding of the layers. In this paper, we propose such a consistent understanding by clarifying the relations between the different elements in the hierarchy. This is done based on the Scandinavian approach to modelling that distinguishes between systems and system descriptions. Systems can be physical, digital, or even mental, while descriptions can be programs, language descriptions, specifications, and diagrams. We relate descriptions and systems by explaining where semantics of objects originate and how they apply in the hierarchy.

• Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra; Prinz, Andreas & Shults, Fount LeRon (2022). The Problem with Bullying: Lessons Learned from Modelling Marginalization with Diverse Stakeholders. I Czupryna, Marcin & Kamiński, Bogumił (Red.), Advances in Social Simulation. Proceedings of the 16th Social Simulation Conference, 20–24 September 2021. Springer Nature. ISSN 978-3-030-92843-8. s. 289–300. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-92843-8_22. Vis sammendrag

  While building a simulation model to gain insights on bullying interventions, we encountered challenging issues that forced us to reconsider the concepts we model. We learned lessons about the need for quality assurance and a more demanding construction process when building models that aim to support decision making. One of the lessons is that even academically accepted concepts such as “bullying” can be ambiguous. Experts and interested parties do not agree about how to define and use the term bullying. Indeed, before we can model “bullying”, we need a shared understanding, of its meaning. Otherwise, insights from the model could be misinterpreted and lead to misleading conclusions. Concepts are inherently imprecise and contain grey areas. Although this may be true, not all of them are ambiguous. For the scope of this paper, ambiguity implies that the same word is used to point to different concepts. For different reasons, bullying has evolved to point to different concepts for different people and sometimes even for the same person. We propose to solve these challenges by identifying which concrete bullying behaviors to target, and by focusing on simulation models for interventions addressing those behaviors.

• Chatterjee, Ayan; Pahari, Nibedita; Prinz, Andreas & Riegler, Michael (2022). Machine learning and ontology in eCoaching for personalized activity level monitoring and recommendation generation. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 12. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24118-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Pahari, Nibedita; Riegler, Michael & Prinz, Andreas (2022). LSTM Step Prediction and Ontology-Based Recommendation Generation in Activity eCoaching, 2022 18th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob). IEEE conference proceedings. ISSN 978-1-6654-6975-3. s. 13–18. doi: 10.1109/WiMob55322.2022.9941356. Vis sammendrag

  An eCoach system may allow people to manage a healthy lifestyle with health state monitoring (e.g., physical activity) and personalized recommendation generation. Daily step count is an important feature to provide a direct and indirect reflection on individual activity levels. Therefore, a personalized, predictive model may be beneficial to forecast future “steps” to motivate participants based on the temporal “step” pattern. Here, we have conceptualized the idea with a Bidirectional Long-ShortTerm-Memory (LSTM) model for weekly activity forecasting and a rule-base for personalized recommendation generation with Ontology reasoning and querying in activity eCoaching. First, we have used the publicly available “PMData” dataset of 16 adults (M: 13; F: 3) to train and test the models and explore the possibility of accurate univariate time-series forecasting of “step counts”. Second, we have created an Ontology and a rule-base to generate personalized activity recommendations to motivate participants to accomplish their activity goals (e.g., complete “X” steps daily and stay active for the entire week).

• Chatterjee, Ayan; Pahari, Nibedita & Prinz, Andreas (2022). HL7 FHIR with SNOMED-CT to Achieve Semantic and Structural Interoperability in Personal Health Data: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Sensors. ISSN 1424-8220. 22(10). doi: 10.3390/s22103756. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Prinz, Andreas; Gerdes, Martin; Martinez, Santiago; Pahari, Nibedita & Meena, Yogesh Kumar (2022). ProHealth eCoach: user-centered design and development of an eCoach app to promote healthy lifestyle with personalized activity recommendations. BMC Health Services Research. ISSN 1472-6963. 22. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08441-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Regular physical activity (PA), healthy habits, and an appropriate diet are recommended guidelines to maintain a healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle can help to avoid chronic diseases and long-term illnesses. A monitoring and automatic personalized lifestyle recommendation system (i.e., automatic electronic coach or eCoach) with considering clinical and ethical guidelines, individual health status, condition, and preferences may successfully help participants to follow recommendations to maintain a healthy lifestyle. As a prerequisite for the prototype design of such a helpful eCoach system, it is essential to involve the end-users and subject-matter experts throughout the iterative design process. Methods: We used an iterative user-centered design (UCD) approach to understend context of use and to collect qualitative data to develop a roadmap for self-management with eCoaching. We involved researchers, non-technical and technical, health professionals, subject-matter experts, and potential end-users in design process. We designed and developed the eCoach prototype in two stages, adopting diferent phases of the iterative design process. In design workshop 1, we focused on identifying end-users, understanding the user’s context, specifying user requirements, designing and developing an initial low-fdelity eCoach prototype. In design workshop 2, we focused on maturing the low-fdelity solution design and development for the visualization of continuous and discrete data, artifcial intelligence (AI)-based interval forecasting, personalized recommendations, and activity goals. Results: The iterative design process helped to develop a working prototype of eCoach system that meets end-user’s requirements and expectations towards an efective recommendation visualization, considering diversity in culture, quality of life, and human values. The design provides an early version of the solution, consisting of wearable technology, a mobile app following the “Google Material Design” guidelines, and web content for self-monitoring, goal setting, and lifestyle recommendations in an engaging manner between the eCoach app and end-users. Conclusions: The adopted iterative design process brings in a design focus on the user and their needs at each phase. Throughout the design process, users have been involved at the heart of the design to create a working.

• Chatterjee, Ayan; Gerdes, Martin; Khatiwada, Pankaj & Prinz, Andreas (2022). SFTSDH: Applying Spring Security Framework with TSD-Based OAuth2 to Protect Microservice Architecture APIs. IEEE Access. ISSN 2169-3536. 10, s. 41914–41934. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3165548. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) combines medical devices and applications that use network technologies to connect healthcare information systems (HIS). IoMT is reforming the medical industry by adopting information and communication technologies (ICTs). Identity verification, secure collection, and exchange of medical data are essential in health applications. In this study, we implemented a hybrid security solution to secure the collection and management of personal health data using Spring Framework (SF), Services for Sensitive Data (TSD) as a service platform, and Hyper-Text-Transfer-Protocol (HTTP (H)) security methods. The adopted solution (SFTSDH = SF + TSD + H) instigated the following security features: identity brokering, OAuth2, multifactor authentication, and access control to protect the Microservices Architecture Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), following the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Moreover, we extended the adopted security solution to develop a digital infrastructure to facilitate the research and innovation work in the electronic health (eHealth) section, focusing on solution validation with theoretical evaluation and experimental testing. We used a web engineering security methodology to achieve and explain the adopted security solution. As a case study, we designed and implemented electronic coaching (eCoaching) prototype system and deployed the same in the developed infrastructure to securely record and share personal health data. Furthermore, we compared the test results with related studies qualitatively for the efficient evaluation of the implemented security solution. The SFTSDH implementation and configuration in the prototype system have effectively secured the eCoach APIs from an attack in all the considered scenarios. The eCoach prototype with the SFTSDH solution effectively sustained a load of (≈) 1000 concurrent users in the developed digital health infrastructure. In addition, we performed a qualitative comparison among the following security solutions: SF security, third-party security, and SFTSDH, where SFTSDH showed a promising outcome.

• Chatterjee, Ayan & Prinz, Andreas (2022). Personalized Recommendations for Physical Activity e-Coaching (OntoRecoModel): Ontological Modeling. JMIR Medical Informatics. ISSN 2291-9694. 10(6). doi: 10.2196/33847. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Handeland, Jorunn Aas; Prinz, Andreas; Ekra, Else Mari Ruberg & Fossum, Mariann (2022). The sense of a patient: An ethnographic multi-site field study exploring the influence of manikins on nursing students' learning. International Journal of Educational Research Open. ISSN 2666-3740. 3. doi: 10.1016/j.ijedro.2021.100110. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The purpose of this ethnographic study was to gain insight into the influence of full-body human-like manikins on nursing students’ learning. The research question that guided the study was: How do the presence and use of human-like manikins influence nursing students’ learning? Data were collected during 15 educational sessions, using different manikins for various activities. Applying cultural-historical activity theory, this study explored the use of manikins as a mediated activity. The study’s main result was the interplay of five categories. In the first category, manikin as an object, manikins were used to teach and learn technical skills. In the second category, manikin as a subject, manikins were used to teach and learn to perform those skills with care. The third category, the interplay, illustrates how these two approaches were present in all sessions. Category four, the individual learning space, provided students with a feeling of working with a patient. Category five, the collective learning space, awarded collaborative and reflexive learning opportunities. We concluded from this study that manikins may introduce students to the balance between the technical and interpersonal aspects of nursing practice. Being aware of how manikins influence learning, educators can make more targeted use of manikins and support lower-grade nursing students in their learning process and professional development.

• Chatterjee, Ayan; Prinz, Andreas & Riegler, Michael (2022). Prediction Modeling in Activity eCoaching for Tailored Recommendation Generation: A Conceptualization, 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA). IEEE conference proceedings. ISSN 9781665482998. doi: 10.1109/MeMeA54994.2022.9856556. Vis sammendrag

  The collective effects of a sedentary lifestyle are correlated with numerous adverse health consequences, including increased risk of obesity, diabetes type II, high blood pressure, depression, and cardiovascular risks. Research in eHealth can provide methodologies to enhance personal healthcare with Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). An eCoach system may allow people to manage a healthy lifestyle with health state monitoring (e.g., physical activity) and tailored recommendation generation. Daily step count is an important feature to provide a direct and indirect reflection on individual activity levels. Therefore, a personalized, predictive model may be beneficial to forecast future "steps" based on the temporal analysis of the individual “step” pattern. In this study, we have conceptualized the same idea with statistical forecast models (e.g., Kalman Filter (KF), Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA)) and a ruleset for activity type determination in personalized activity eCoaching. First, we used the publicly available “PMData” dataset of 16 adults (M: 13; F:3) to train and test the models and explore the possibility of accurate univariate time-series forecasting of “step counts”. Second, we established an idea to generate personalized activity recommendations based on the forecasting outcome, ruleset, and personal preference settings. The ARIMA model has outdated other predictors against root mean squared error (RMSE). Therefore, we conceptualized using the ARIMA in our eCoach system to generate personalized recommendations to motivate participants to accomplish their activity goals (e.g., complete “X” steps daily and stay active for the entire week) as proof of concept.

• Chatterjee, Ayan & Prinz, Andreas (2022). Applying Spring Security Framework with KeyCloak-Based OAuth2 to Protect Microservice Architecture APIs: A Case Study. Sensors. ISSN 1424-8220. 22(5). doi: 10.3390/s22051703. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  : In this study, we implemented an integrated security solution with Spring Security and Keycloak open-access platform (SSK) to secure data collection and exchange over microservice architecture application programming interfaces (APIs). The adopted solution implemented the following security features: open authorization, multi-factor authentication, identity brokering, and user management to safeguard microservice APIs. Then, we extended the security solution with a virtual private network (VPN), Blowfish and crypt (Bcrypt) hash, encryption method, API key, network firewall, and secure socket layer (SSL) to build up a digital infrastructure. To accomplish and describe the adopted SSK solution, we utilized a web engineering security method. As a case study, we designed and developed an electronic health coaching (eCoach) prototype system and hosted the system in the expanded digital secure infrastructure to collect and exchange personal health data over microservice APIs. We further described our adopted security solution’s procedural, technical, and practical considerations. We validated our SSK solution implementation by theoretical evaluation and experimental testing. We have compared the test outcomes with related studies qualitatively to determine the efficacy of the hybrid security solution in digital infrastructure. The SSK implementation and configuration in the eCoach prototype system has effectively secured its microservice APIs from an attack in all the considered scenarios with 100% accuracy. The developed digital infrastructure with SSK solution efficiently sustained a load of (≈)300 concurrent users. In addition, we have performed a qualitative comparison among the following security solutions: Spring-based security, Keycloak-based security, and their combination (our utilized hybrid security solution), where SSK showed a promising outcome.

• Chatterjee, Ayan; Gerdes, Martin; Prinz, Andreas & Martinez, Santiago (2021). A Comparative Study to Analyze the Performance of Advanced Pattern Recognition Algorithms for Multi-Class Classification. I Tavares, J. M. R. S.; Chakrabarti, S.; Bhattacharya, A. & Ghatak, S. (Red.), Emerging Technologies in Data Mining and Information Security. Springer. ISSN 978-981-15-9773-2. s. 111–124. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-9774-9_11.
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Gerdes, Martin; Prinz, Andreas & Martinez, Santiago (2021). Comparing Performance of Ensemble-Based Machine Learning Algorithms to Identify Potential Obesity Risk Factors from Public Health Datasets. I Hassanien, Aboul Ella; Bhattacharyya, Siddhartha; Chakrabati, Satyajit; Bhattacharya, Abhishek & Dutta, Soumi (Red.), Emerging Technologies in Data Mining and Information Security. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer. ISSN 978-981-15-9926-2. s. 253–269. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-9927-9_26.
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Gerdes, Martin; Martinez, Santiago & Prinz, Andreas (2021). Human Coaching Methodologies for Automatic Electronic Coaching (eCoaching) as Behavioral Interventions with Information and Communication Technology: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research. ISSN 1438-8871. 23(3). doi: 10.2196/23533. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Prinz, Andreas; Gerdes, Martin & Martinez, Santiago (2021). Digital interventions on healthy lifestyle management: Systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research. ISSN 1438-8871. 23(11). doi: 10.2196/26931. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Prinz, Andreas; Gerdes, Martin & Martinez, Santiago (2021). An Automatic Ontology-Based Approach to Support Logical Representation of Observable and Measurable Data for Healthy Lifestyle Management: Proof-of-Concept Study . Journal of Medical Internet Research. ISSN 1438-8871. 23(4), s. 1–28. doi: 10.2196/24656.
• Prinz, Andreas (2021). What is the Natural Abstraction Level of an Algorithm? I Raschke, Alexander; Riccobene, Elvinia & Schewe, Klaus-Dieter (Red.), Logic, Computation and Rigorous Methods Essays Dedicated to Egon Börger on the Occasion of His 75th Birthday. Springer Publishing Company. ISSN 978-3-030-76020-5. s. 199–214. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-76020-5_12. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prinz, Andreas (2021). Teaching Language Engineering Using MPS, Domain-Specific Languages in Practice with JetBrains MPS. Springer Publishing Company. ISSN 978-3-030-73757-3. s. 315–336. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-73758-0_11.
• Fischer, Joachim; Møller-Pedersen, Birger; Prinz, Andreas & Thalheim, Bernhard (2021). Models Versus Model Descriptions. I Dahanayake, Ajantha; Pastor, Oscar & Thalheim, Bernhard (Red.), Modelling to Program Second International Workshop M2P 2020, Lappeenranta, Finland, Revised Selected Papers. Springer Nature. ISSN 978-3-030-72695-9. s. 67–89. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-72696-6_3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra; Prinz, Andreas; Puga-Gonzalez, Ivan & Shults, F. LeRon (2020). Modeling marginalization: Emergence, social physics, and social ethics of bullying. Simulation Series. ISSN 0735-9276. 52(1), s. 452–463.
• Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra; Puga-Gonzalez, Ivan; Shults, F. LeRon & Prinz, Andreas (2020). Modeling Marginalization: Emergence, Social Physics, and Social Ethics of Bullying, Proceedings of the 2020 Spring Simulation Conference (SpringSim’20). IEEE conference proceedings. ISSN 978-1-56555-370-5. doi: 10.22360/SpringSim.2020.HSAA.005.
• Fischer, Joachim; Møller-Pedersen, Birger & Prinz, Andreas (2020). Real Models are Really on M0 - Or How to Make Programmers Use Modeling. I Hammoudi, Slimane; Pires, Luís Ferreira & Selic, Bran (Red.), Modelsward 2020. SciTePress. ISSN 978-989-758-400-8. s. 307–318. doi: 10.5220/0008928403070318. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Handeland, Jorunn Aas; Prinz, Andreas; Ekra, Else Mari Ruberg & Fossum, Mariann (2020). The role of manikins in nursing students' learning: A systematic review and thematic metasynthesis. Nurse Education Today. ISSN 0260-6917. s. 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104661. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Schulz, Renee Patrizia; Smaradottir, Berglind; Prinz, Andreas & Hara, Takahiro (2020). User-centred Design of a Scenario-based Serious Game: Game-based Teaching of Future Healthcare. IEEE Transactions on Games (TG). ISSN 2475-1502. 12(4), s. 376–385. doi: 10.1109/TG.2020.3033437.
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Gerdes, Martin; Prinz, Andreas; Martinez, Santiago & Medin, Anine Christine (2020). Reference Design Model for a Smart e-Coach Recommendation System for Lifestyle Support Based on ICT Technologies. I Sendra, Sandra; Murata, Yoshitoshi; Civit-Masot, Javier & Rajh, Arian (Red.), eTELEMED 2020, The Twelfth International Conference on eHealth, Telemedicine, and Social Medicine. International Academy, Research and Industry Association (IARIA). ISSN 978-1-61208-763-4. s. 52–58. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.33574.47689. Vis sammendrag

  As acknowledged by the World Health Organization (WHO), the demographic development shows that by 2030, 8 out of the 10 foremost causes of death will be connected to risk conditions of lifestyle diseases, regardless of gender. Chronic illness associated with modifiable lifestyle factors will be accountable for the highest death worldwide. Health behavior change should be given priority to avoid serious reparations. An Electronic Coach (e-Coach) system can empower people to achieve a healthy lifestyle with early risk predictions and appropriate tailored lifestyle recommendations. Research in eHealth has the potential to provide methods in order to improve personal healthcare with Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). An Electronic Health (e-Health) virtual coaching recommendation system can monitor people and convey the appropriate recommendations in context with enough time to prevent, ameliorate the living with non-communicable or lifestyle diseases. This paper addresses the potential of selected emerging information and communication technologies to make e-Health systems smarter, more collaborative and more efficient. As a result of the analysis, a reference design is discussed here to develop and validate the performance of a smart e-Coach system utilizing ICT, Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to provide individual lifestyle recommendations aiming at a healthier lifestyle to prevent obesity and overweight. The healthcare sector is still looking for collaborative, user-friendly, optimized, cost-effective, reliable systems for health e-Coaching with contextual, tailored lifestyle recommendations and our current research is focused on its implementation and validation, considering obesity and overweight as a case study.

• Prinz, Andreas & Mezei, Gergely (2020). The Art of Bootstrapping, Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development. Springer. ISSN 978-3-030-37873-8. s. 182–200. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-37873-8_8.
• Prinz, Andreas & Shatalin, Alexander (2019). How to Bootstrap a Language Workbench. I Hammoudi, Slimane; Pires, Luís Ferreira & Selic, Bran (Red.), Modelsward 2019 . SciTePress. ISSN 978-989-758-358-2. s. 345–352. doi: 10.5220/0007398203450352. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Schewe, Klaus-Dieter; Prinz, Andreas & Börger, Egon (2019). Concurrent Computing with Shared Replicated Memory. I Schewe, Klaus-Dieter & Singh, Neeraj kumar (Red.), Model and Data Engineering. MEDI 2019. Springer Nature. ISSN 978-3-030-32064-5. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-32065-2_16. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kikhia, Basel Salah; Boytsov, Andrey; Sanchez Guinea, Alejandro & Prinz, Andreas (2019). Utilizing a Wristband to Detect the Quality of a Performed CPR. Journal of Advances in Information Technology. ISSN 1798-2340. 10(4), s. 123–130. doi: 10.12720/jait.10.4.123-130.
• Schulz, Renee Patrizia; Smaradottir, Berglind; olsen, joakim torblå & Prinz, Andreas (2019). Scenario-based Serious Game to Teach about Healthcare, 2019 IEEE 7th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH). IEEE conference proceedings. ISSN 978-1-7281-0300-6. doi: 10.1109/SeGAH.2019.8882480. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In this paper, we explore the concept of a scenario-based serious game for healthcare solutions. The complexity of the interactions and the multitude of actors is captured in a scenario, which is then played with the help of an additional game platform, here called “scenario system”. The platform allows high school students to play through a healthcare scenario, possibly including eHealth technology, thereby teaching them about interactions and technology used in modern healthcare. The mobile serious game is based on context and role-triggered tasks for the players so that the game is guided, but includes a certain dynamic and flexibility. The project contributes a method and a tool to use scenarios for user testing of eHealth systems and services as well as an alternative method for teaching the complex domain of eHealth systems to unfamiliar users (e.g. highschool students).

• Sherratt, Edel & Prinz, Andreas (2019). Eventual Consistency Formalized. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). ISSN 0302-9743. 11753 LNCS, s. 249–265. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-30690-8_15. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra; Prinz, Andreas & Shults, F. LeRon (2019). Generating Executable Code from High-Level Social or Socio-Ecological Model Descriptions. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). ISSN 0302-9743. 11753 LNCS, s. 150–162. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-30690-8_9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Schewe, Gerhard; Prinz, Andreas & Börger, Egon (2019). Concurrent Computing with Shared Replicated Memory. arXiv.org. ISSN 2331-8422. 11815 LNCS, s. 219–234. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-32065-2_16.
• olsen, joakim torblå; Prinz, Andreas & Smaradottir, Berglind (2019). Simulation of eHealth Scenarios with Role-play Supported by an Interactive Smartphone Application . Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. ISSN 0926-9630. 257, s. 418–423. doi: 10.3233/978-1-61499-951-5-418. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chatterjee, Ayan & Prinz, Andreas (2018). Image Analysis on Fingertip Video to Obtain PPG. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal (BPJ). ISSN 0974-6242. 11(4), s. 1811–1827. doi: 10.13005/bpj/1554.
• Kumar Somappa, Admar Ajith; Kristensen, Lars Michael & Prinz, Andreas (2018). Model-based specification and validation of the dual-mode adaptive MAC protocol. International Journal of Critical Computer-Based Systems. ISSN 1757-8779. 8(2), s. 108–140. doi: 10.1504/IJCCBS.2018.096190. Vis sammendrag

  Wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) rely on MAC protocols to coordinate access to the wireless medium access and for managing the radio unit on each device. The dual-mode adaptive MAC (DMAMAC) protocol is a recently proposed protocol designed to reduce the energy consumption of the radio communication in WSANs. The DMAMAC protocol targets the industrial WSANs used for real-time process control. At its core, DMAMAC exploits the distinction between transient and steady of the controlled plant process to dynamically adapt the MAC superframe structure and thereby conserve energy. The switch between steady and transient mode of operation is a safety-critical part of the protocol. The contribution of this paper is to develop a rigorous specification of the DMAMAC protocol using timed automata and the supporting Uppaal software tool. The Uppaal tool is also used to verify key functional and real-time properties of the protocol. Finally, we have used execution sequences from the formal specification model to validate an OMNET simulation model used for performance evaluation of DMAMAC, and to validate a nesC implementation of the protocol on the TinyOS platform.

• Prinz, Andreas (2018). Distributed computing on distributed memory. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). ISSN 0302-9743. 11150 LNCS, s. 67–84. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-01042-3_5.
• Mayende, Godfrey; Prinz, Andreas; Birevu Muyinda, Paul & Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert (2018). Towards Technology for Supporting Effective Online Learning Groups, 11th IMCL 2017: Interactive Mobile Communication Technologies and Learning. Springer. ISSN 978-3-319-75175-7. s. 361–371. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-75175-7_37.
• Nabushawo, Harriet M.; Muyinda, Paul Birevu; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert; Prinz, Andreas & Mayende, Godfrey (2018). Improving Online Interaction Among Blended Distance Learners at Makerere University, Teaching and Learning in a Digital World roceedings of the 20th International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning. Springer. ISSN 978-3-319-73209-1. s. 63–69. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-73210-7_8.
• Nunavath, Vimala & Prinz, Andreas (2017). Visualization of Exchanged Information with Dynamic Networks: A Case Study of Fire Emergency Search and Rescue Operation . I Bilof, Randall (Red.), Advance Computing Conference (IACC), 2017 IEEE 7th International. IEEE Press. ISSN 978-1-5090-1560-3. s. 281–286. doi: 10.1109/IACC.2017.60.
• Guttormsen, Stian; Prinz, Andreas & Gjøsæter, Terje (2017). Consistent Projectional Text Editors. I Pires, Luís Ferreira; Hammoudi, Slimane & Selic, Bran (Red.), Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development. SciTePress. ISSN 978-989-758-210-3. s. 515–522. doi: 10.5220/0006264505150522.
• Nunavath, Vimala & Prinz, Andreas (2017). Liferescue software prototype for supporting emergency responders during fire emergency response: A usability and user requirements evaluation. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). ISSN 0302-9743. 10272 LNCS, s. 480–498. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-58077-7_39.
• Øysæd, Halvard; Andersen, Rune; Garmannslund, Per Einar; Prinz, Andreas; Lazareva, Aleksandra & Schmidt, Michael (2017). Does The Introduction Of An Overall Study Strategy Empowering Students To Use Appropriate Study Strategies? ICERI Proceedings. ISSN 2340-1095. s. 4152–4157. doi: 10.21125/iceri.2017.1098.
• Nunavath, Vimala & Prinz, Andreas (2017). Data sources handling for emergency management: Supporting information availability and accessibility for emergency responders. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). ISSN 0302-9743. 10274 LNCS, s. 240–259. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-58524-6_21.
• Schulz, Renee Patrizia; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert; Prinz, Andreas & Hara, Takahiro (2017). High-Level Context Information for Tasks in Teaching, Advances in Human Factors in Training, Education, and Learning Sciences. Springer. ISSN 978-3-319-60017-8. s. 278–289. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-60018-5_27.
• Schulz, Renee Patrizia; Lazareva, Aleksandra; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert & Prinz, Andreas (2017). Higher Education Teachers Meet Mobile Technology: Application and Acceptance. I Gómez Chova, L.; López Martínez, A. & Candel Torres, I. (Red.), EDULEARN17 proceedings : 9th international confererence om education and new learning technologies. International Academy of Technology, Education and Development (IATED). ISSN 978-84-697-3777-4. s. 9237–9246. doi: 10.21125/edulearn.2017.0735.
• Mayende, Godfrey; Prinz, Andreas; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert & Muyinda, Paul Birevu (2017). Learning Groups in MOOCs : Lessons for Online Learning in Higher Education. International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP). ISSN 2192-4880. 7(2), s. 109–124. doi: 10.3991/ijep.v7i2.6925. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mayende, Godfrey; Prinz, Andreas & Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert (2017). Improving Communication in Online Learning Systems, CSEDU 2017 9th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SUPPORTED EDUCATION.. SciTePress. ISSN 978-989-758-239-4. s. 300–307. doi: 10.5220/0006311103000307.
• Nunavath, Vimala; Prinz, Andreas & Comes, Tina (2017). Identifying First Responders Information Needs: Supporting Search and Rescue Operations for Fire Emergency Response. International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (IJISCRAM). ISSN 1937-9390. 8(1), s. 25–46. doi: 10.4018/IJISCRAM.2016010102.
• Nunavath, Vimala; Prinz, Andreas & Comes, Tina (2017). Qualitative and Quantitative Study on Videotaped Data for Fire Emergency Response. I Benlamri, Rachid & Sparer, Michael (Red.), Leadership, Innovation and Entrepreneurship as Driving Forces of the Global Economy - Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Leadership, Innovation and Entrepreneurship (ICLIE). Springer Publishing Company. ISSN 978-3-319-43433-9. s. 149–158. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-43434-6_13.
• Mayende, Godfrey; Prinz, Andreas; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert; Muyinda, Paul Birevu & Nampijja, Dianah (2016). Philosophical and ethical concerns in researching online learning groups, 2016 IEEE Conference on e-Learning, e-Management and e-Services (IC3e 2016). IEEE conference proceedings. ISSN 9781467390613. doi: 10.1109/IC3e.2016.8009047.
• Nunavath, Vimala; Prinz, Andreas; Comes, Tina & Radianti, Jaziar (2016). Representing fire emergency response knowledge through a domain modelling approach. NOKOBIT: Norsk konferanse for organisasjoners bruk av informasjonsteknologi. ISSN 1892-0748. 24(1). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  When any kind of emergency occurs, Emergency Responders (ERs) from different emergency organizations (such as police, fire, ambulance and municipality) have to act concurrently to solve the difficulties which are posed at the emergency site. Moreover, during the immediate response, getting the awareness of the situation is very crucial for ERs to lessen the emergency impacts such as loss of life and damage to the property. However, this can only be done when ERs get access to the information in timely manner and share the acquired information with one another during emergency response. Despite ERs share knowledge with one another they have to use same concepts to obtain the semantic understanding in order to perform actions for achieving goals. In addition, the success of the emergency response lies on the ERs’ coordination and their interoperability (information systems interoperability). Therefore, in this paper we provide a formal structure to the concepts that describes the building fire emergency management domain in order to provide a common semantic understanding for ERs. In our study, domain modelling approach has been used to represent the concepts formally. The presented results combine the knowledge from semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and through literature review. The developed domain model includes four aspects: i) characteristics of the event, ii) actors involved, iii) goals to achieve and iv) Building characteristics. Besides, the developed domain model serves as a foundational component to create an information system to unify, facilitate and expedite access to emergency related information for facilitating data exchange format and enable knowledge sharing among different emergency actors.

• Mayende, Godfrey; Prinz, Andreas; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert & Muyinda, Paul Birevu (2016). Learning Groups for MOOCs Lessons for Online Learning in Higher Education. I Auer, Michael E.; Guralnick, David & Uhomoibhi, James (Red.), International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL 2016). Springer. ISSN 978-3-319-50336-3. s. 185–198. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-50337-0_16.
• Gjøsæter, Terje; Prinz, Andreas & Nytun, Jan Pettersen (2016). MOF-VM: Instantiation Revisited. I Hammoudi, Slimane; Pires, Luís Ferreira; Selic, Bran & Desfray, Philippe (Red.), Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development. SciTePress. ISSN 978-989-758-168-7. s. 137–144. doi: 10.5220/0005606101370144. Vis sammendrag

  The Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) is based on an understanding of a hierarchy of levels that are placed on top of each other and that are connected with instantiation. For practical MDA use, it is important to be clear about the kinds of objects that reside on the different levels and the relations between them as well as relations to objects outside of the MDA domain. This article aims at enhancing the understanding of these objects and relations by relating them to a virtual MOF machine.

• Nunavath, Vimala & Prinz, Andreas (2016). Taking the advantage of smartphone apps for understanding information needs of emergency response teams’ for situational awareness: Evidence from an indoor fire game. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). ISSN 0302-9743. 9733, s. 563–571. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-39513-5_52.
• Prinz, Andreas (2016). Multi-level language descriptions. CEUR Workshop Proceedings. ISSN 1613-0073. 1722, s. 56–65.
• Yang, Huihui; Oleshchuk, Vladimir & Prinz, Andreas (2016). Verifying group authentication protocols by Scyther. Journal of Wireless Mobile Networks, Ubiquitous Computing, and Dependable Applications. ISSN 2093-5374. 7(2), s. 3–19. doi: 10.1109/pdp.2016.27.
• Prinz, Andreas; Møller-Pedersen, Birger & Fischer, Joachim (2016). Modelling and testing of real systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). ISSN 0302-9743. 9953 LNCS, s. 119–130. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-47169-3_9.
• Øysæd, Halvard; Andersen, Rune; Prinz, Andreas & Schulz, Renee Patrizia (2016). Teaching students to learn. I Uhomoibhi, James; Costagliola, Gennaro; Zvacek, Susan & McLaren, Bruce M. (Red.), CSEDU 2016 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Supported Education, proceedings volume 1. SciTePress. ISSN 978-989-758-179-3. s. 91–98. doi: 10.5220/0005764800910098.
• Prinz, Andreas; Møller-Pedersen, Birger & Fischer, Joachim (2016). Object-oriented operational semantics. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). ISSN 0302-9743. 9959 LNCS, s. 132–147. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-46613-2_9.
• Schulz, Renee Patrizia; Prinz, Andreas & Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert (2016). The Use of Game World Tasks Concepts in Higher Education, Serious Games. Springer. ISSN 9783319458403. s. 67–72. doi: 10.1007/97/8-3-319-45841-0_6.
• Yang, Huihui; Prinz, Andreas & Oleshchuk, Vladimir (2016). Formal Analysis and Model Checking of a Group Authentication Protocol by Scyther. I Cotronis, Yiannis; Daneshtalab, Masoud & Papadopoulos, George Angelos (Red.), Proceedings of the 24th Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed, and Network-Based Processing (PDP2016). IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). ISSN 978-1-4673-8775-0. s. 553–557. doi: 10.1109/PDP.2016.27.

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• Nunavath, Vimala & Prinz, Andreas (2017). LifeRescue Software Prototype for Supporting Emergency Responders During Fire Emergency Response: A Usability and User Requirements Evaluation. Springer, Cham. ISBN 978-3-319-58077-7. 10272(2).
• Nunavath, Vimala & Prinz, Andreas (2017). Data Sources Handling for Emergency Management: Supporting Information Availability and Accessibility for Emergency Responders. Springer Cham. ISBN 978-3-319-58524-6. 10273(I).

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Chatterjee, Ayan; Pahari, Nibedita; Prinz, Andreas & Riegler, Michael (2023). Author Correction: Machine learning and ontology in eCoaching for personalized activity level monitoring and recommendation generation (Scientific Reports, (2022), 12, 1, (19825), 10.1038/s41598-022-24118-4). Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 13(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30029-9.
• Prinz, Andreas; Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra; Gjøsæter, Terje & Møller-Pedersen, Birger (2022). On abstraction in the OMG hierarchy: systems, models, and descriptions.
• Handeland, Jorunn Aas; Prinz, Andreas; Ekra, Else Mari Ruberg & Fossum, Mariann (2021). The role of manikins in nursing students' learning - A systematic review and thematic metasynthesis.
• Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra; Pardede, Saga & Prinz, Andreas (2021). Bully-proofing a learning environment.
• Prinz, Andreas; Schmidt, Michael; Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra & Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert (2021). How to be different - mindset and tools.
• Chatterjee, Ayan; Prinz, Andreas; Gerdes, Martin & Martinez, Santiago (2020). A Statistical Study to Analyze the Impact of External Weather Change on Chronic Pulmonary Infection in South Norway with Machine Learning Algorithms. In Intelligent Technologies and Applications.
• Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra & Prinz, Andreas (2020). Tutorial: ODD2ABM – Creation of NetLogo Agent-Based Models from a Formalised ODD.
• Schulz, Renee Patrizia; Smaradottir, Berglind; Torblå Olsen, Joakim & Prinz, Andreas (2019). Scenario-based Serious Game to Teach about Healthcare.
• Prinz, Andreas (2019). Project-based learning in IKT445 - How to flip a classroom?
• Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra; Prinz, Andreas; Shults, F. LeRon; Puga-Gonzalez, Ivan & Lund, Ingrid (2019). Social Simulation of University Bullying.
• Torblå Olsen, Joakim; Prinz, Andreas & Smaradottir, Berglind (2019). Simulation of eHealth Scenarios with Role-play Supported by an Interactive Smartphone Application .
• Holen-Rabbersvik, Elisabeth; Prinz, Andreas; Gerdes, Martin; Martinez, Santiago; Thygesen, Elin & Fensli, Rune Werner [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Teaching High School Students eHealth through Role-play and Laboratory Simulation. Medicinsk Informatika. ISSN 1330-1799. 14, s. 35–36.
• Xanthopoulou, Themis Dimitra; Prinz, Andreas; Shults, F. LeRon & Puga-Gonzalez, Ivan (2018). An agent-based model of bullying dynamics.
• Holen-Rabbersvik, Elisabeth; Prinz, Andreas; Gerdes, Martin; Martinez, Santiago; Thygesen, Elin & Fensli, Rune Werner [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Teaching High School Students eHealth through Roleplay and Laboratory Simulation. Vis sammendrag

  The transformation and digitalisation of health and care services foresees a need for recruitment of young individuals having a combination of health- and computer science knowledge to contribute in the workforces of the future. At the University of Agder in Norway there has been an eHealth Centre since year 2010 [1], where both already implemented and proposed eHealth services can be simulated and tested. In the project High School Students as Co-researchers in eHealth, experienced researchers allowed high school students to be enrolled in a project course to actively play and test an eHealth scenario. This paper aims at sharing the experiences on how the pilot of a class consisting of 10 high school students at the age of 17-19 years, were taught eHealth through role-play and simulation in the eHealth Centre. The research question stated was: How to introduce high school students to eHealth research and services in a life-long learning perspective?

• Prinz, Andreas (2018). E-helse: Infrastruktur, forskning og studier.
• Prinz, Andreas (2018). Senter for eHelse og i4Helse.
• Prinz, Andreas (2018). I4Helse.
• Prinz, Andreas (2018). Senter for eHelse og I4Helse - brukerinvolvering.
• Prinz, Andreas (2018). Senter for eHelse og I4Helse - forskning i eHelse.
• Prinz, Andreas (2018). Senter for eHelse og I4Helse.
• Prinz, Andreas (2017). Kunnskap er blitt allemannseie på nettet. Agderposten. ISSN 0805-3723.
• Prinz, Andreas (2017). Senter for eHelse og I4Helse.
• Nabushawo, Harriet M.; Muyinda, Paul Birevu; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert; Prinz, Andreas & Mayende, Godfrey (2017). Improving online interaction among blended distance learners at Makerere University.
• Mayende, Godfrey; Prinz, Andreas; Muyinda, Paul Birevu & Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert (2017). Towards Technology for Supporting Effective Online Learning Groups.
• Mayende, Godfrey; Prinz, Andreas; Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert; Muyinda, Paul Birevu & Nampijja, Dianah (2016). Philosophical and Ethical Concerns in Researching Online Learning Groups.
• Mayende, Godfrey; Muyinda, Paul Birevu & Prinz, Andreas (2016). Experiences and use of online learning groups in distance learning courses at Makerere University.
• Fossum, Mariann; Prinz, Andreas & Ekra, Else Mari Ruberg (2024). Manikins Mediate Lifelong Learning Skills in Nursing Education: A Qualitative Exploration of How Manikins Influence Nursing Students’ Learning. Universitetet i Agder. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mayende, Godfrey & Prinz, Andreas (2020). Supporting Effective Online Learning Groups for eLearning Systems. Universitetet i Agder. ISSN 978-82-7117-988-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Schulz, Renee Patrizia; Prinz, Andreas & Isabwe, Ghislain Maurice Norbert (2018). Listening to Teachers' Needs: Human-centered Design for Mobile Technology in Higher Education. Universitetet i Agder. ISSN 978-82-7117-882-6.

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