Bibliography: Literature and reference lists

The bibliography should be placed at the end of the assignment. It whould contain all of the sources you have used in your work and that you have cited in your text.

The bibliography should provide all of the information the reader needs to identify the sources you have used and be able to find them.

There are several standard formats for writing bibliographies, depending upon the subject you are studying. You must check this with your advisor or instructor. Once you have chosen one standard, it is important that you follow this consistently. Below, you will find the three most common types of documents: a book with one author or more, an article from a periodical, and a website.

A book with one author can, for example, be listed like this (APA 5th):

 

Last name, First initial. (Year). Title of the book in italics (Edition – if available). Place of publication: Publisher.

 

Fitzgerald, F. S. (1926). The Great Gatsby. Chatto & Windus: London.

When you write up the information about the source, you always follow the same pattern of punctuation (parantheses, commas, italics, etc.) as found in the template.

 

Periodical article

 

Last name, First initial. (Year). Article title. Periodical title in italics, volume (edition), page numbers.

 

O'Dwyer, M., & O'Flynn, E. (2005). MNC-SME strategic alliances - A model framing knowledge value as the primary predictor of governance modal choice. Journal of International Management, 11(3), 397-416.

Website with author

 

Author/editor, Initial. (Date oppdated/Copyrighted). Title in italics. Downloaded day, month, year, from http://...

 

Thaller, M. (2007). Cool cosmos. Retrieved August 27, 2007 from http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/.

 

The bibliography is sorted alphabetically by the first author's name or corporation name in the entry. If the sources have the same authors, sort next by year of publication, oldest first.

See more examples from the Ohio State University library

 

 
Published by Clare Patricia Jortveit <clare.jortveitSPAMFILTER@uia.no>,Henry Langseth <henry.langsethSPAMFILTER@uia.no> 18/10/2011
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Your obligations

As a student of UiA, you are obligated to learn the rules that apply to how to cite sources of various types in the written work you submit for evaluation. In return, it is your department's obligation to give you the guidance you need to feel secure that you are following sound and acceptable practice in terms of citing of sources. Ask your advisor if you are in doubt.

What counts as cheating?

If you fail to provide the sources of texts taken from literature, articles, or the Internet in a written assignment (home examination or mandatory written assignment), you are committing plagiarism. Plagiarism is cheating.

Read more about the consequences of cheating